Arturo Villarreal MD

01/26/2026

Non-traumatic Medial-Sided Elbow Pain: A Comprehensive Review of Etiologies, Diagnostic Strategies, and Treatment Approaches.

Medial elbow pain is a rare and often underrecognized condition. In non-traumatic cases, such as medial epicondylitis (ME), ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury, cubital tunnel syndrome, snapping medial triceps, and posteromedial impingement, the clinical presentations are often similar, making di...

01/19/2026

Traumatic Versus Atraumatic Causes of Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Pathophysiology and Outcomes.

Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) is a common musculoskeletal disorder caused by traumatic or atraumatic factors, resulting in pain, functional limitation, and reduced quality of life. This systematic review aimed to summarize the pathophysiology, anatomical changes, and functional outcomes of tra...

01/12/2026

5 Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome You Should Know.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition that develops when the median nerve—a major nerve that controls movement and sensation in the hand and fingers—becomes compressed or pinched. Specifically, this nerve supplies sensations to your thumb, index, middle, and ring fingers.

01/05/2026

What Causes Leg Pain (and How to Find Relief).

Leg pain can be caused by overuse, trauma, minor injuries, infection, or severe medical conditions. Although the most common causes are minor, temporary conditions, a prompt diagnosis and treatment of more severe conditions can help prevent pain from worsening and improve your long-term outlook.

01/01/2026

Wishing you and your family a happy and healthy new year!

12/29/2025

What Causes Infraspinatus Pain and How Can You Treat It?

The infraspinatus muscle works alongside three other rotator cuff muscles to stabilize and move the shoulder. This triangular-shaped structure primarily externally rotates the arm. This means it rotates the arm toward the outside of the body.

12/22/2025

Happy Holidays! We wish you and your family a joyful holiday season!

12/22/2025

Aerobic exercise found to be most effective for knee osteoarthritis.

For patients with knee osteoarthritis, aerobic activities such as walking, cycling, or swimming are likely to be the best exercise for improving pain, function, gait performance, and quality of life, finds a study published by The BMJ today.

12/15/2025

Hip Weakness May Contribute to Knee Pain.

The movement and stability of your hips and knees work together and share several muscles. The hip is a ball and socket joint and is a major weight-bearing joint in the body. There are many ligamentous attachments that add to the stability of your hip.

12/01/2025

What's Causing Your Inner Elbow Pain—and How To Treat It.

Inner elbow pain pain often stems from overuse and repetitive stress. It can sometimes develop in response to injury or inflammation, such as medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow) or arthritis.

11/27/2025

Wishing you and your family a wonderful Thanksgiving!

11/24/2025

What to know about deltoid pain.

The deltoid is a large muscle responsible for lifting the arm and giving the shoulder its range of motion. Pain in this area may be due to issues like overuse or injury.