04/17/2024
Some of my clients have asked me what carbs, protein and fats (Macronutrients) are the healthiest to eat to maintain a healthy weight.
Macronutrients:
For weight loss purposes, a moderate diet of:
carb (30%-40% of calories),
fat (20%-30% of calories), and
high protein (25%-35% of calories) tends to work for most people.
CARBS:
Carbs are your body’s preferred source of quick energy. Excess carbs are converted into glycogen and stored as body fat for fuel.
When you consume foods high in carbs, your body breaks them down into a simple sugar called glucose, which provides fuel for the brain, muscles, and various cellular functions.
They are important for muscle recovery, endurance, and strength building.
1 gram of carbohydrate = 4 calories
Food sources of carbs
High-carb foods :
Added sugars
Baked goods and desserts
Beans, lentils, and peas
Bread
Pasta
Rice
Whole grains
Candy
Cereals
Polenta
Chips
Corn
Potatoes
Fruit
Milk
Yogurt
Low-carb foods:
Cheese
Eggs
Fish and shellfish
Meat and poultry
Melons and berries
Non-starchy vegetables
Nuts and seeds
Oils and butter
FATS
Fats are the most calorie-dense macro and an efficient type of energy store.
Fat is the source of sustained energy, used as immediate fuel or stored as body fat.
Besides providing energy, this nutrient supports the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamins A, D, and E.
When you consume fats, they are broken down into fatty acids and monoglycerides. These compounds help build and maintain cells and provide the body with energy.
There are different types of fat: saturated, unsaturated, and trans fats.
Saturated and unsaturated fats are found naturally in both animal- and plant-based foods. Unsaturated fat is perhaps the healthiest and is further divided into two types: polyunsaturated (omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids) and monounsaturated (lower low-density lipoprotein or bad cholesterol levels).
Trans fats are mostly found in processed and fried foods, which are particularly dangerous for the heart and blood vessel health.
1 gram of fat = 9 calories
Plant-based fat sources:
Avocado
Vegetable oils
Nuts
Seeds
Animal-based fat sources:
Meat
Eggs
Dairy
Monounsaturated fats:
Nuts
Unrefined oils, such as olive and sesame oil
Polyunsaturated fats:
Some types of fish, such as salmon and tuna
Unrefined vegetable oils
Trans fat:
Processed foods
Fried foods
PROTEIN
Protein is the building block of the body and is used to maintain and repair DNA, bones, and muscles.
It is not a preferred source of energy and is the least likely to be stored as body fat.
When you consume protein-rich foods, your body breaks them down into amino acids, which are the building blocks of protein.
Amino acids are then distributed through the bloodstream to the muscles, organs, and other tissues. The body reassembles these amino acids into cells and muscle.
Protein helps maintain lean muscle, takes more energy to digest (more thermogenic than the other macros), and helps control hunger and reduce cravings.
The U.S. Dietary Guidelines recommend 0.36 to 0.45 grams per pound of body weight.
1 gram of protein = 4 calories
Food sources of protein
Plant-based protein sources:
Nuts
Seeds
Legumes
Soy
Animal-based protein sources:
Red meat: Beef and pork
Poultry: Chicken and turkey
Seafood: Fish or shellfish
Dairy products: Milk and cheese
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