12/08/2025
PART III - Epilogue
The Children, the Aftermath, and the Silence of an Unsolved Death
Philip Back’s death in November 1874 left behind more than a widow and children—it left behind a mystery that would never be solved. Though the legal machinery of Cooper County moved on, handling the estate through notices, auctions, debt settlements, and final accounting, the Back family itself remained bound to Morgan Street and to the questions surrounding Philip’s final hours.
His estate was small and burdened by debts, forcing the probate court to sell his saloon, his tools, and the family’s real estate. Yet despite the sale of Lot 220, the 1880 census still shows Elizabeth Barbara Back and four of her children living on Morgan Street. How this happened is not fully recorded; perhaps friends in Boonville’s German community helped, or the family managed to rent back the property. What is certain is that the small home on Morgan Street remained the Back family’s center long after the legal title was gone.
In the years following Philip’s death, his children grew into adulthood shaped by the collapse of their father’s livelihood and the hardships of a household run by a widowed mother.
Ernst A. Back, the eldest son—and the boy who discovered his father’s body—first worked as a brewery clerk in St. Louis. But by 1910 he had returned permanently to Boonville, living once again on Lot 220, the same patch of ground where his childhood home had stood. He worked first as a potter, then as a night watchman for the Armour Packing Company. Ernst died in Boonville on March 29, 1928, and rests in Walnut Grove Cemetery, not far from his parents. More than any of the siblings, Ernst remained tied to the physical space of the family’s early life—returning to Morgan Street and living in the family home. That home is now gone, but lot 220 - behind the old F.M. Stamper building, remains - empty and filled with memory.
William J. Back, the second son, sought opportunity beyond Cooper County. By 1880 he was already working in a pottery, and later he moved to Red Wing, Minnesota, a center of river trade and manufacturing. There he built a career, raised a family, and spent the rest of his life, dying in 1939. Though he left Missouri early, he remained part of the broader Back family network found across the Midwest.
Lawrence J. Back, apprenticed as a blacksmith at age fifteen, followed the well-worn path of many German-American craftsmen into St. Louis. In the 1900 census he was recoreded as living on Franklin Avenue in a boarding house. His employment continued to be in the blacksmith trade. By the turn of the century he had settled there permanently, working in the city’s expanding industrial economy. Lawrence died in 1931, his life reflecting the migration pattern of countless sons of Missouri’s German enclaves: from river town to metropolis.
The Back daughters forged more domestic but equally enduring legacies.
Mary A. Back married into the Schleusner family and moved to the St. Louis area, settling in Clayton. She raised children—Lawrence R. Erst, Robert A. Erst, and two daughters—who carried the Back lineage into the twentieth century. Her obituary, published in 1930, remembers her as a devoted mother and a woman deeply rooted in both Boonville and St. Louis. Among her surviving relatives were cousins from notable Boonville families, reflecting the intertwining of German-American kinship networks across the state.
Emma Back, the youngest daughter, never married. She remained in Boonville for her entire life, first caring for her mother and later living quietly near the family’s longtime home. She died in 1924. Without descendants of her own, Emma became the memory-keeper - along with older brother Ernst - of the Back household, preserving continuity through her presence on Morgan Street. Ernst was the informant on her death certificate.
Through these lives—scattered between Boonville, St. Louis, and Minnesota—the Back family persisted despite the rupture of 1874. They became potters, blacksmiths, clerks, homemakers, mothers, watchmen, and wage earners. Their careers were modest but steady, reflecting the dignity and perseverance of working-class German immigrants and their children in postwar Missouri.
Yet through all these changes, no justice ever came for Philip Back.
Some whispered that he had taken his own life, yet almost none of the contemporary reporting supported that idea. Newspapers of the time were nearly unanimous in expressing suspicion. The missing $180, the intact pocketbook found empty, the door mysteriously locked from the inside, and the removed cistern board, all fueled speculation. Even the coroner’s jury—caught between insufficient evidence and public unease—left their verdict ambiguous: “Drowned or death by violence.”
The lack of recovered money became the centerpiece of public doubt. Nearly every editorial emphasized it. “Where is the money?” became the unspoken question hanging over Main Street. No suspect was arrested. No evidence emerged. And no confession ever surfaced.
In the end, the Back children grew to adulthood with the knowledge that their father’s death—violent, sudden, and deeply suspicious—was a mystery that Boonville never solved. The town moved on. Their mother raised her children. Their lives branched outward. But the unanswered questions remained part of the family’s inheritance.
Today, only the graves of the Philip and Barbara Back rest at Walnut Grove Cemetery and are all that remain to tell the story.
The Back family endured. The mystery simply lingered, unanswered, until time carried it quietly into history. And more than 150 years later, the unanswered question still echoes from the edge of that long-vanished cistern:
What really happened to Philip Back?