01/02/2026
New research suggests hidden infections and lingering viral fragments may be major drivers of Long COVID.
Long COVID affects millions with severe fatigue, "brain fog," shortness of breath and neurological issues. Two main ideas are emerging: immune disruption can reactivate dormant pathogens (EBV infects >95% of adults, and up to two-thirds of some Long COVID groups show EBV reactivation biomarkers), and SARS‑CoV‑2 or its fragments can persist in tissues (notably the gut), creating reservoirs that fuel chronic inflammation. This could shift care toward testing for reactivated infections and targeted treatments (antivirals, antibiotics, immunomodulators) and more personalized recovery plans. Vaccination — including boosters — significantly reduces the risk of developing Long COVID, and early antiviral treatment of acute COVID may also help.
Would you want testing for reactivated infections or viral persistence to be part of Long COVID care?
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IntroductionIn the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, a new challenge has emerged for millions worldwide: Long COVID, a complex, lingering condition marked by persistent symptoms that can range from fatigue and brain fog to pain and heart palpitations. While medical experts have made strides in mapping....