05/05/2026
Insulin Resistance… what does it actually mean? Why does it matter?
Research shows insulin resistance can be developing for 10–15 years before pre-diabetes or diabetes shows up on standard labs. During that time, blood sugar can still look normal, but the body is producing more and more insulin to keep it there, which is not a long term solution. This is why a fasting insulin test can be so helpful - it tells us if there is dysfunction before a disease state begins. It is so much easier to prevent and reverse at that point!
It’s also important to understand that insulin isn’t ever truly “not working”, but it IS being used much less efficiently, so the body has to compensate by making more of it. Over time, if that demand continues, it can progress into pre-diabetes and eventually diabetes. I am trying to simplify the issue here, but think of it more as if insulin resistance is when the call isn’t ‘answered’ half the time, rather than it never being answered.
Sources for further reading:
Tabák AG, et al. Trajectories of glycaemia, insulin sensitivity, and insulin secretion before diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (The Whitehall II Study). The Lancet. 2009.
DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E. Insulin resistance: a multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis. Diabetes Care. 1991.
Czech MP. Insulin action and resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Nature Medicine. 2017.