06/05/2025
Incredible that Romans could do these things with only manpower
The eight columns at the front of the portico of the Pantheon are made of grey granite quarried in the mountains of Egypt. They are monolithic, that is one solid piece and not comprised of joined drums. They stand 12 meters (39 feet) tall and measure 1.5 meters (5 feet) in diameter. It is estimated that they weigh 50 to 60 tons each. These columns were dragged 100 kilometers (62 miles) across the Egyptian desert to the Nile where they were loaded onto barges and ferried downriver. At the mouth of the Nile, they would have been transferred to large boats specifically made to transport such heavy loads across the Mediterranean Sea. Once they reached Ostia, they would have again been loaded onto barges to be towed upriver to the city. Then they were raised into place and crowned with Corinthian capitals made of white Greek marble 2.5 meters (8 feet) tall. There are another eight columns behind the façade made of pink granite from another Egyptian quarry. A special pediment was constructed at the place where the rectangular portico joins the circular rotunda. It appears that the original plans of the Pantheon called for even taller columns and capitals. A second, unused pediment which could have accommodated taller columns can be seen a little higher up on the wall of the rotunda. www.chi-rhogroup.com