https://lauraduffynutrition.com/

Laura Duffy Nutrition, 5525 Erindale Drive Suite 201A, Colorado Springs, CO (2026)

05/28/2026

The Mitochondrial Connection

To understand why creatine matters beyond athletic performance, you need to understand mitochondria.

Mitochondria are your cells' power plants producing ATP through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria also regulate calcium, hormone synthesis, immune signaling, and cell death.

When mitochondria are dysfunctional (from aging, inflammation, infection, toxins, hypoxia, or genetic mutations), energy production falters across every system that depends on it, which can result in:
- Fatigue and brain fog
- Metabolic dysfunction
- Hormonal imbalance
- Poor immune response
- Impaired healing

Where creatine comes in:
Research in the Journal of Clinical Medicine found that creatine supplementation "has been reported to improve high-energy phosphate availability as well as have antioxidative, neuroprotective, anti-lactatic, and calcium-homeostatic effects" and "may have a role in improving cellular bioenergetics in several mitochondrial dysfunction-related diseases."

In other words: creatine doesn't just fuel muscles it supports the body's fundamental energy infrastructure.

Conditions linked to mitochondrial dysfunction that creatine may support:
- Blood sugar dysregulation and type 2 diabetes
- Brain fog and cognitive decline
- Hormonal imbalance
- Chronic fatigue and poor recovery
- Immune dysfunction and chronic inflammation

Read the full breakdown:
https://www.lauraduffynutrition.com/post/creatine-monohydrate-more-than-a-gym-supplement

05/26/2026

What Is Creatine and How Does It Work?

Creatine isn't just for bodybuilders. Your body makes it every day and every high-energy tissue in your body depends on it.

What creatine actually is:
- A naturally occurring compound made from amino acids (arginine, glycine, methionine) in the liver, kidneys, and pancreas
- Also found in red meat and fish
- Stored in muscle as phosphocreatine your body's rapid ATP recycling system

Why ATP matters:
- ATP is the energy currency of every cell
- When demand spikes (intense exercise, mental stress, immune response), ATP can be depleted quickly
- Phosphocreatine rapidly donates a phosphate group to regenerate ATP keeping cells running

Who needs this energy system?
- Skeletal muscle
- The heart
- The brain
- Immune cells

Creatine monohydrate is the most studied, most bioavailable, and most affordable supplemental form with decades of safety data across diverse populations.

Read the full blog for the bigger picture on creatine beyond the gym:
https://www.lauraduffynutrition.com/post/creatine-monohydrate-more-than-a-gym-supplement

05/21/2026

The salt paradox, why sodium restriction alone may be missing the mark on blood pressure

The new cholesterol guidelines double down on the hypertension guidelines that say: eat less salt. But what if that advice is creating a bigger problem than it solves?

Here's what the research actually shows:
- Severe sodium restriction → bland whole foods → people abandon vegetables, nuts, and protein for ultra-processed "low-sodium" alternatives loaded with sugar and refined carbs
- More sugar/refined carbs → insulin spikes → kidneys retain MORE sodium → higher blood pressure
- You treated the symptom while amplifying the root cause

The potassium-sodium ratio matters more than sodium alone:
- A landmark Archives of Internal Medicine study (12,000+ adults) found the K:Na ratio was a stronger predictor of cardiovascular events than sodium intake alone
- Potassium-rich foods (leafy greens, avocados, beans, nuts) are the same foods that taste terrible without salt, so restriction backfires

The magnesium piece most people miss:
- 48% of Americans don't get enough magnesium
- Magnesium relaxes blood vessels, supports glucose metabolism, and reduces insulin-driven sodium retention
- The foods richest in magnesium are the same ones that need salt to taste good

The functional nutrition approach:
- Add potassium + magnesium-rich whole foods, seasoned to taste
- Balance blood sugar to reduce insulin's impact on BP
- Address root causes: insulin resistance, inflammation, poor sleep, stress

Read the full breakdown with sources:
https://www.lauraduffynutrition.com/post/the-salt-paradox-why-new-hypertension-guidelines-may-be-missing-the-mark

05/19/2026

Sodium restriction and cholesterol, the nuance the guidelines miss

A cross-sectional study in Medicine found that in hypertensive women with excess weight, blood cholesterol was inversely related to sodium intake, meaning lower sodium was associated with higher cholesterol. This aligns with multiple Cochrane meta-analyses showing that sodium restriction raises total cholesterol and triglycerides.

The mechanism:
- Low sodium → reduced blood volume → activates renin, angiotensin, epinephrine
- Angiotensin I → Angiotensin II → increases insulin resistance
- Insulin resistance → increased hepatic cholesterol synthesis → higher blood cholesterol
- In people with excess weight/obesity, this effect is amplified due to existing insulin resistance and high adipose tissue lipolytic activity

What this means practically:
- Blanket sodium restriction intended to lower blood pressure may simultaneously raise cholesterol and triglycerides, a trade-off that deserves more clinical attention
- The potassium-to-sodium ratio and overall diet quality may matter more than sodium restriction alone
- People with insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome may be especially vulnerable to the cholesterol-raising effects of severe sodium restriction
- Eating nutrient-dense whole foods seasoned to taste, rather than ultra-processed low-sodium alternatives, is a more sustainable and metabolically sound approach

As one researcher noted: "Not one randomized clinical trial or observational study has supported a sodium intake below 2,645 mg, and an intake above 4,945 mg is related to higher cardiovascular morbidity", suggesting there's an optimal range, not a "lower is always better" rule.

Source: Padilha BM et al. "Association between blood cholesterol and sodium intake in hypertensive women with excess weight." Medicine. 2018. PMCID: PMC5908596 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5908596/

05/14/2026

Big news! 🎉

I’m officially onboarding with Berry Street.

This means:
- I can see insurance clients virtually across multiple states
- Local, in‑person visits will be available with Aetna, Cigna, and UnitedHealthcare
- More consistent care for patients who’ve been waiting to use their insurance

I’m especially excited about the in‑person option!

Read more on my website: https://www.lauraduffynutrition.com/berrystreet

Click HERE 👉 http://visit.berrystreet.co/providers/Laura-Duffy to get started and check your insurance benefits with Berry Street!

05/12/2026

Lp(a) and lifestyle — what the research actually shows

The new 2026 ACC/AHA guidelines recommend a one-time Lp(a) screening for all adults and state that Lp(a) doesn't respond to lifestyle changes. But a peer-reviewed review in the Journal of Clinical Medicine tells a more nuanced story.

What the research found may reduce Lp(a):
- Whole food diet rich in plant foods like vegetables and legumes that minimizes sugar and refined carbohydrates
- Low-carb/ketogenic diet: ~15% reduction in one large trial; 26–39% in a case report
- Higher saturated fat intake (from whole foods): mild but significant reduction in some studies
- Significant weight loss (especially bariatric surgery): up to 48% reduction
- Red wine (moderate): reduced Lp(a) in small trials (overall alcohol risks must be weighed)
- Intense physical exercise: associated with lower Lp(a) in some populations
- CoQ10 supplementation: ~3.5 mg/dL reduction (meta-analysis of 7 RCTs)
- L-Carnitine supplementation: ~8–9 mg/dL reduction (meta-analysis of 7 RCTs)
- Flaxseed supplementation: mild but significant reduction (meta-analysis of 6 RCTs)
- Curcumin: mild reduction in diabetic patients with CAD

What raises Lp(a):
- Trans-fatty acids (industrial/hydrogenated fats)
- Ultra-processed foods
- Low-energy diets without significant weight loss

Important caveats: Most trials are small and short-term. Evidence is not yet strong enough for firm clinical recommendations. But it directly challenges the blanket statement that Lp(a) is completely unresponsive to lifestyle.

Bottom line: If you have elevated Lp(a), lifestyle and targeted supplementation may help move the needle, even modestly. Work with your clinician to personalize your approach.

Source: Fogacci F et al. "Lifestyle and Lipoprotein(a) Levels: Does a Specific Counseling Make Sense?" J Clin Med. 2024. PMCID: PMC10856708 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10856708/

05/07/2026

I am beyond grateful to have been recognized as one of the top Nutrition Professionals in Colorado Springs by winning BRONZE in The Gazette's Best of the Springs 2026!

This award means the world to me because it comes from this community, the clients who trusted me with their health, the referral partners who believed in my approach, and everyone who has followed along on this journey.

When I started Laura Duffy Nutrition, my goal was simple: help people feel better from the inside out using personalized, root-cause nutrition. Seeing that work recognized in our community is truly humbling.
Thank you, Colorado Springs.

If you've been curious about functional nutrition and how it could support your energy, mood, metabolism, or overall health, now is a great time to reach out.

Book a free 15-minute discovery call and let's chat. View the digital Best of the Springs 2026 magazine here - https://issuu.com/springsgazette/docs/best_of_the_springs_2026

05/05/2026

Cholesterol isn't the villain, it's a central node in human metabolism

If your doctor has ever handed you a prescription on the way out the door based on a single cholesterol number, this blog is for you.

What cholesterol actually does:
🧬 Builds and maintains every cell membrane in your body
🧠 Makes up ~25% of brain cholesterol (locally produced; can't cross the blood-brain barrier)
⚡ Raw material for ALL steroid hormones (cortisol, estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, DHEA)
☀️ Required for vitamin D synthesis in skin
🫁 Converted to bile acids for fat digestion and fat-soluble vitamin absorption (A, D, E, K)

What actually drives elevated cholesterol:
- Insulin resistance
- Hypothyroidism
- Chronic inflammation
- Genetics (familial hypercholesterolemia)
- Ultra-processed foods and refined carbs

What to track beyond LDL:
- ApoB (particle number)
- Lp(a) (genetic risk)
- Triglyceride/HDL ratio (insulin resistance proxy)
- hs-CRP (inflammation)
- Fasting insulin/HbA1c
- CAC score (actual plaque burden)

The real question isn't "how do we lower this number?" It's "what is driving this pattern and what does the whole metabolic picture look like?"

Read the full breakdown:
https://www.lauraduffynutrition.com/post/cholesterol-reconsidered-what-it-is-what-it-does-and-why-lower-is-always-better-misses-the-poin

04/30/2026

🫀 Is cholesterol really the main driver of heart disease… or are we missing a bigger piece of the puzzle?

A recent deep dive by Dr. Nick Norwitz highlights something that’s getting harder to ignore:
👉 Insulin resistance may have a much stronger association with cardiovascular disease than LDL cholesterol alone.

In one large study:
📊 A marker of insulin resistance (LP-IR score) showed a dramatically higher risk of heart disease compared to LDL. LP-IR measures lipoprotein (LDL and HDL) particle sizes and concentrations and is highly predictive of insulin resistance.

So what does that actually mean?

Let’s simplify 👇
💡 Cholesterol still matters

LDL (and ApoB) do play a role in the development of heart disease.
BUT…

⚖️ It’s not the whole story

Focusing on one number, like LDL, can miss the bigger picture:
• Blood sugar regulation
• Insulin resistance
• Inflammation
• Overall metabolic health

🔥 Metabolic health may be the real driver

When insulin resistance is high, risk goes up, even if cholesterol looks “normal.”

✨ So what should we focus on?

Instead of “LDL only,” think:
✔ Blood sugar balance
✔ Insulin sensitivity
✔ Whole-food nutrition
✔ Lifestyle habits (sleep, stress, movement)

Because health isn’t one lab value, it’s a system.

💬 The takeaway:

This isn’t about picking sides in the cholesterol debate…

It’s about asking better questions and looking at the full picture.

Source: https://staycuriousmetabolism.substack.com/p/cholesterol-debates-in-an-era-of?r=40ekz2

04/28/2026

Cholesterol screening for 9–11 year olds, let's talk about the real problem.

The new 2026 ACC/AHA cholesterol guidelines recommend initial lipid screening for children between ages 9 and 11. And the question I keep asking is: are we really considering statins for children instead of fixing what they eat?

The data on kids and ultra-processed food is alarming:
- Studies estimate 57–67% of calories in the average American child's diet come from ultra-processed foods (UPF). Source: Juul F et al. BMJ. 2021.
- UPF consumption in children is associated with higher LDL-C, lower HDL-C, higher triglycerides, and worse insulin sensitivity. Source: Rauber F et al. Nutrients. 2020.
- Refined carbohydrates and added sugars drive elevated triglycerides and small, dense LDL particles, the most atherogenic pattern. Source: Siri-Tarino PW et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010.

What actually moves the needle for kids' cholesterol:
- Replace UPF with whole foods: protein + vegetables + whole-food carbs + healthy fats
- Reduce added sugar and refined flour
- Add omega-3 rich foods (salmon, sardines, walnuts, chia)
- Increase fiber (beans, lentils, fruit, vegetables, intact grains)
- Daily movement and outdoor time

Statins are not the solution to a processed-food problem. Children's bodies need real food, not pharmaceutical intervention to compensate for a broken food environment.

If we want healthier cholesterol in our kids, we need to fix school lunches, reduce UPF marketing to children, and teach families how to build balanced, nourishing meals.

Sources
Juul F et al. "Ultra-processed food consumption among US adults." BMJ. 2021.
Rauber F et al. "Ultra-processed food consumption and chronic non-communicable diseases." Nutrients. 2020.
Siri-Tarino PW et al. "Saturated fat, carbohydrate, and cardiovascular disease." Am J Clin Nutr. 2010.
2026 ACC/AHA Cholesterol Guidelines. Circulation/JACC. 2026.

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