06/19/2025
EVERYTHING you ever wanted to know about Platelet Rich Plasma ( ) injections
By Don Buford MD, Board Certified Orthopedic Surgeon and Founder of America's #1 Rated Regenerative Medicine and Orthopedic Surgery Clinic at Texas Orthobiologics.
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# PRP Injections for Joint Pain: What They Are & How They Work
Stiff knees making your morning walk a struggle? Shoulder aches keeping you on the sidelines instead of in the game? Living with chronic joint pain can turn daily routines into obstacles and chip away at the activities you love most. For many, the idea of surgery or a lifetime of medication is daunting—and that’s where regenerative therapies like platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections are changing the conversation around joint pain relief.
PRP injections tap into the body’s natural repair system, using your own blood to deliver a concentrated dose of healing factors directly to damaged tissues. This minimally invasive approach has captured the attention of patients and specialists alike, but it also raises important questions: What exactly is PRP? How is it prepared and administered? Which types of joint pain respond best? What does the medical evidence show—and what are the real-world benefits, risks, and costs?
This article is designed to answer those questions, offering a clear, step-by-step guide to PRP therapy for joint pain. Whether you’re researching alternatives to surgery, exploring options for a stubborn injury, or seeking a second opinion on your treatment plan, you’ll find the essential facts, latest research, and practical advice you need to make an informed decision about PRP. Let’s explore how this innovative treatment works and what you can expect if you’re considering PRP injections for joint pain.
# # What Is Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)?
Imagine using a natural, patient-derived solution to jump-start your body’s own repair process. [Platelet-Rich Plasma, or PRP](https://www.texasorthobiologics.com/platelet-rich-plasma-prp-injection-orthopedic-regenerative-medicine-experts-dallas-tx/) does exactly that. At its simplest, PRP is an autologous blood product—meaning it comes from your own body—concentrated with platelets and the proteins those cells release to support healing.
> **Definition (jargon-free)**
> Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) is a small sample of your blood that’s processed to increase the number of platelets—cells that release growth factors—so when it’s injected into an [injured joint](https://www.texasorthobiologics.com/blog/joint-pain/?bc=1400) or tissue, it may speed up repair and reduce inflammation.
Clinicians harvest a tube of your blood, spin it in a centrifuge to separate components, then collect the layer richest in platelets. Those platelets contain a mix of proteins—called growth factors—that signal surrounding cells to kick into repair mode. By delivering a high concentration of these factors directly where you hurt, PRP aims to support tissue regeneration rather than just mask symptoms.
# # # Key Components and Growth Factors
PRP’s healing potential comes from the cocktail of growth factors stored in platelet granules. Major players include:
- **PDGF (Platelet-Derived Growth Factor):** Encourages cell proliferation and attracts stem cells to the injury site.
- **TGF-β (Transforming Growth Factor-Beta):** Regulates inflammation and stimulates collagen production for matrix formation.
- **VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor):** Promotes new blood vessel growth (angiogenesis), improving nutrient delivery.
- **EGF (Epidermal Growth Factor):** Accelerates cell division and supports tissue regeneration.
These factors work in concert to modulate inflammation, recruit reparative cells, and lay down new extracellular matrix. (Source: “The regenerative mechanisms of platelet-rich plasma: A review” [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34004552/).)
# # # How PRP Differs from Other Blood Products
Not all blood-derived therapies are created equal. PRP stands apart by its high platelet concentration:
| Product | Platelet Count (per ÎĽL) | Relative Concentration |
|---------------------------|-------------------------|------------------------|
| Whole Blood | 150,000–350,000 | 1× (baseline) |
| Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)| 1,000,000–2,000,000 | 2–8× |
| Platelet-Poor Plasma | 10,000–50,000 |