01/07/2026
Lichens & Moss: tiny growths with surprisingly big jobs
If youāve ever noticed soft green mats, fuzzy patches, or leafy ārufflesā on wood and stone, youāre looking at organisms that are built for survival.
First, a quick reality check
Moss is a simple plant that loves moisture and shade.
Lichen isnāt a plant at allāitās a partnership between a fungus and algae (or cyanobacteria), and it grows very slowly.
Some common names are misleading: āreindeer mossā and āoakmossā are lichens, and āSpanish mossā isnāt a moss (itās an air plant).
Why they matter (even in a home garden)
They hold moisture, reduce erosion, and create micro-habitats for beneficial insects.
Theyāre often signs of stable, low-disturbance areas (especially lichens).
Lichens on bark are usually not harmful to treesāthey donāt suck sap like parasites.
Practical uses people talk about (with safe, honest cautions)
1) Insulation & padding
Dried moss/lichen has been used historically as stuffing and insulation in shelters or between layersāuseful only when itās kept dry.
2) Emergency wound padding (sphagnum)
Sphagnum is very absorbent and was used historically for dressing wounds. In real life, sterile gauze is always better. If itās an emergency, use only clean material, and still treat it as temporary first aid.
3) Tinder
Fully dried moss or Spanish moss can help start a fireābut shake it out well and be aware it can carry bugs/mites.
4) Water
Moss can help pre-filter dirt and sediment, but it does not make water safe to drink. Never rely on āsqueezing water outā as safe hydrationāboil or disinfect first.
5) Food
This is the riskiest claim online: some lichens can be eaten only with expert identification and careful processing, while others can irritate or be toxic. Consider lichens emergency-only and not beginner-friendly.
Garden tip you can use today
Moss taking over a lawn usually points to shade, compacted soil, and constant moistureāimprove drainage, aerate, and increase sunlight.
Sphagnum in pots is great for seed-starting and moisture control, but too much can keep roots wet if drainage is poor.
What do you see more around your placeāmoss in shady corners or lichen on tree trunks?