04/13/2026
What Is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome occurs when the median nerve becomes compressed as it travels through a narrow passage in the wrist called the carpal tunnel. This tunnel also contains several tendons that help move the fingers. When the tendons or surrounding tissues become irritated or swollen, they can increase pressure in the tunnel and irritate the nerve.
This condition is common in people who perform repetitive hand or wrist activities, such as typing, gripping tools, or prolonged phone use, but it can also develop due to inflammation, injury, or certain medical conditions.
How Does It Present?
People with carpal tunnel syndrome often experience:
Numbness or tingling in the thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring finger
Hand weakness or decreased grip strength
Pain or burning sensations in the wrist or hand
Symptoms that worsen at night or with repetitive activities
Difficulty with fine motor tasks like buttoning clothes or holding small objects
Sometimes the symptoms may travel into the forearm or up the arm.
How Can Physical Therapy Help?
Physical therapy can be very effective in managing carpal tunnel symptoms and improving hand function. Treatment may include:
Nerve gliding exercises to improve mobility of the median nerve
Tendon gliding exercises to reduce irritation in the tunnel
Manual therapy to improve wrist and forearm mobility
Strengthening exercises for the hand, wrist, and forearm
Ergonomic education for work, typing, and daily activities
Activity modification strategies to reduce stress on the wrist
The goal of therapy is to reduce pressure on the nerve, improve movement, and restore strength and function.
What Can Patients Do to Help?
Patients can support recovery and prevent worsening symptoms by:
Taking frequent breaks from repetitive hand activities
Maintaining neutral wrist posture when typing or using devices
Performing recommended stretching and nerve-gliding exercises
Using ergonomic workstations or wrist supports if appropriate
Avoiding prolonged wrist bending or sustained gripping
Early treatment often leads to the best outcomes. With the right combination of education, exercise, and activity modification, many people can significantly reduce symptoms and return to normal activities.
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