11/23/2025
Fasting offers potential benefits for autoimmune conditions by inducing autophagy (cellular cleanup and regeneration) and significantly reducing chronic inflammation. This dual action helps modulate the immune system, but research is still developing, and individuals with autoimmune conditions should consult a physician before beginning any fasting routine.
How Fasting Benefits Autophagy
Autophagy (meaning "self-eating") is a vital cellular process where the body breaks down and recycles damaged or dysfunctional cell components, such as organelles and misfolded proteins. Fasting is a potent natural trigger for this process:
Nutrient Depletion: When fasting, the lack of incoming nutrients forces cells into "survival mode," activating autophagy to break down internal components for energy and essential nutrients to build new parts.
Hormonal Shifts: Fasting lowers insulin levels and increases glucagon, signaling the body to shift from energy storage to utilization and repair, which further activates autophagy.
Cellular Renewal: The cycle of fasting, which eliminates older or damaged components, followed by refeeding, which promotes the production of new cells, contributes to overall cellular rejuvenation.
Impact on Autoimmunity and Inflammation
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation and an overactive immune system that mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues.
Fasting may help manage these conditions through several mechanisms:
Reduced Inflammatory Markers: Fasting has been shown to lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which are typically elevated in autoimmune disorders. The production of ketone bodies (like β-hydroxybutyrate, or BHB) during fasting also helps inhibit inflammatory pathways.
Immune System Modulation: Prolonged fasting can lead to the temporary reduction of white blood cells, followed by the regeneration of new immune cells once eating resumes, which essentially "resets" the immune system and promotes a more balanced response.
Gut Microbiome Balance: Fasting can alter the composition of gut bacteria in beneficial ways, increasing the abundance of helpful bacteria that produce anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and support the gut barrier.
Cellular Repair: Enhanced autophagy contributes to immune resilience by clearing pathogens and ensuring immune cells function optimally. ( consult MD some medical conditions this is not recommended)