07/09/2025
The nervous and immune systems are more intertwined than previously imagined. This perspective by Dr. Brian Kim and Dr. David Artis explores the rapidly growing field of sensory neuroimmunology, revealing how neurons and immune cells co-regulate inflammation, tissue repair, allergy, infection, and even cancer. 🧠🧬🔥 From itch-inducing cytokines to microbe-sensing neurons, the skin—and other barrier tissues—are proving to be dynamic neuroimmune interfaces with broad implications for health and disease.
📚https://shorturl.at/3DsKA
IL-31, TSLP, and IL-33 directly activate sensory neurons to trigger itch, explaining the success of biologics like nemolizumab and dupilumab in atopic and chronic pruritic conditions. Even more striking: sensory neurons not only sense cytokines but also release neuropeptides (e.g., CGRP, substance P) that shape immune cell behavior, influence wound healing, and modulate inflammation across tissues. 🧪🩹
Environmental stimuli such as allergens, bacteria (e.g., S. aureus), and fungi (e.g., Candida) can directly activate nociceptors, promoting either protective or pathologic immune responses. In cancer, sensory neurons and their signals—like CGRP and substance P—may facilitate tumor growth, metastasis, or immune evasion. 🧫💥
Finally, vagal sensory neurons encode systemic inflammatory cues and trigger neuroimmune reflexes, offering promising targets for neuromodulatory therapies in autoimmunity and beyond. The future lies in decoding these neural-immune circuits, combining cutting-edge tools from neuroscience and immunology. 🌐🔬💡
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai The Mount Sinai Hospital