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We provide reliable and updated medical information to healthcare providers, insurance companies, and educational institutions and assist healthcare providers in making appropriate clinical decisions, meeting medical necessity, and maintaining compliance

24/07/2025

Lupus anticoagulants are antibodies (immunoglobulins) that inhibit phospholipid dependent coagulation or blood clotting. These antibodies are not specific for any single coagulation factor, but recognize phospholipid and glycoprotein epitopes, thereby inhibiting in vitro formation of phospholipid dependent, activated coagulation factor complexes. Circulating lupus-like anticoagulants are recognized as a major cause of both venous and arterial thromboembolic events, often encountered in settings such as recurrent abortion and pregnancy complications and fetal loss, deep vein thrombosis, and arterial thrombosis. Lupus anticoagulants are a common cause of prolonged activated partial thromboplastin times (APTT), the prothrombin time (PT), and dilute Russell Viper Venom Test (dRVVT). Learn more about the testing with Medical Database.
https://app.medicaldatabase.com/site/medical-tests/559e271d-d045-4922-b86b-96782e44756f

22/07/2025

The Anti-TPO (anti-thyroid peroxidase) test detects antibodies against thyroid peroxidase, an enzyme vital for thyroid hormone production. The presence of anti-TPO antibodies suggests an autoimmune reaction targeting the thyroid gland, commonly seen in conditions like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease. High anti-TPO titers are found in up to 90% of patients with chronic Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. In Graves’ disease, 70% of patients have an elevated titer. Although the sensitivity of the procedure can be increased by simultaneously determining other thyroid antibodies (anti-Tg, TSH-receptor-antibody - TRAb), a negative finding does not rule out the possibility of an autoimmune disease. Elevated titers can become negative after lengthy periods of illness or during remission. If antibody reappears following remission, then a relapse is probable. Learn more about the testing with Medical Database.
https://app.medicaldatabase.com/site/medical-tests/559e2800-2d8f-421f-b845-a7d9ac9e7fcb

19/07/2025

Presepsin, also known as soluble CD14-subtype (sCD14-ST), is an emerging biomarker for the early diagnosis of sepsis. It is released into circulation upon activation of monocytes and macrophages in response to bacterial infection. Presepsin levels rise rapidly in the bloodstream during systemic infections, making it a valuable tool for distinguishing sepsis from non-infectious inflammatory conditions. Compared to traditional markers like CRP and procalcitonin, presepsin demonstrates higher specificity for bacterial sepsis and correlates well with disease severity and prognosis. Its rapid elevation and decline also make it useful for monitoring therapeutic response. However, its clinical use still requires standardized cutoffs.
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18/07/2025

Ferritin, a protein complex that stores iron, also functions as a key acute-phase reactant during inflammation. In response to pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α, ferritin levels increase significantly, even in the absence of iron overload. Elevated serum ferritin is commonly observed in systemic inflammatory conditions including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), sepsis, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies. Its rise reflects both increased synthesis by macrophages and hepatocytes and decreased iron availability due to immune-driven sequestration. In critical illness, hyperferritinemia correlates with disease severity and mortality, making it a valuable prognostic biomarker. It is clinically useful in monitoring inflammatory responses, particularly in CAR T-cell therapy and hematologic malignancies. Learn more about the testing with Medical Database.
https://app.medicaldatabase.com/site/medical-tests/559e2733-9fa0-43ff-98df-3378a2e160c0

16/07/2025

RFC1 (Replication Factor C Subunit 1) gene mutation analysis is essential for diagnosing certain neurological disorders, including cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS). RFC1 encodes a component of the replication factor C complex, which is critical in DNA replication and repair. A pathogenic biallelic AAGGG repeat expansion in intron 2 of the RFC1 gene is strongly associated with CANVAS and related ataxias. Analysis is typically performed using repeat-primed PCR and Southern blot to detect repeat size and configuration. Early genetic testing of RFC1 mutations aids in accurate diagnosis, disease differentiation, and genetic counseling for patients presenting with late-onset ataxia, sensory neuropathy, and chronic cough. Learn more about the testing with Medical Database.
www.medicaldatabase.com

15/07/2025

Platelet antigen genotyping is a molecular technique used to identify genetic variations in human platelet antigens (HPAs). These antigens are inherited polymorphisms on platelet surface glycoproteins, such as GPIIb/IIIa and GPIa/IIa. Genotyping is crucial in diagnosing and preventing alloimmune platelet disorders, including fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT), post-transfusion purpura (PTP), and platelet transfusion refractoriness. Unlike serological typing, genotyping offers higher sensitivity and specificity, particularly in cases where antibodies obscure antigen detection. Platelet antigen genotyping is essential for selecting compatible platelet donors, improving transfusion outcomes, and enhancing patient safety in transfusion medicine and prenatal care. Learn more about the testing with Medical Database.
https://app.medicaldatabase.com/site/medical-tests/5e954a0c-3675-40f1-8830-d57b6e84ac85

10/07/2025

The IFNL3 gene encodes interferon lambda 3 protein which is expressed in response to microbial challenge and serves to activate the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. It plays a critical role in antiviral host defenses, and has antitumor and immunomodulatory activities. Polymorphisms in the gene have been identified as important factors in the ability of an individual to clear both Hepatitis C (HCV) and HTLV-1 viruses. Individuals with the favorable CC genotype have 50-55% viral clearance rates compared to 16-20% in patients with the CT or TT genotypes. Therefore, individuals with the CT and TT genotypes are more susceptible to developing chronic Hepatitis C and HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. Learn more about the testing with Medical Database.
https://app.medicaldatabase.com/site/medical-tests/5ea47309-5f58-4915-9c5b-999e03c8cb7a

09/07/2025

Islet cell antibodies (ICAs) are associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D). These antibodies are directed against pancreatic islet cells and although ICA attacks all pancreatic islet cells, cell destruction appears specific for insulin-producing islet cells (β cells), which leads to insulin deficiency. Adults with slowly progressive T1D may be misdiagnosed as having T2D, which can result in serious health consequences, including rapid onset of diabetic complications and potentially death. Approximately 10% or more of people diagnosed with “Type 2” diabetes are autoantibody positive, have been misdiagnosed, and in fact have Type 1 autoimmune diabetes. Islet autoantibody testing allows prediction of type 1 diabetes and defines latent autoimmune diabetes in an adult subgroup of non-insulin-treated patients. Learn more about the testing with Medical Database.
https://app.medicaldatabase.com/site/medical-tests/55c6a0f9-dd72-440d-b23c-00efff015f9f

06/07/2025

Medical Database's Laboratory Decision System (LDS) is an advanced clinical tool designed to assist healthcare professionals in selecting laboratory test efficiently and accurately. It integrates patient laboratory data with evidence-based guidelines, offering real-time decision support for diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The system helps flag abnormal results, suggests possible clinical conditions, and recommends further tests or management steps. By reducing prescription error and streamlining workflows, LDS enhances diagnostic accuracy and speeds up clinical decision-making. Furthermore, the content written by medical and laboratory professionals, comprises a range of medical databases to assist healthcare providers in making appropriate clinical decisions, meeting medical necessity, and maintaining compliance. Learn more about our expertise and services.
www.medicaldatabase.com

03/07/2025

The RUNX1 gene encodes a transcription factor essential for normal blood cell development and hematopoiesis. Mutations in the RUNX1 gene are associated with various blood disorders and malignancies, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and familial platelet disorder with predisposition to acute myelogenous leukemia (FPD/AML). RUNX1 mutations can be germline (inherited) or somatic (acquired). These mutations disrupt the regulation of genes involved in the differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells, often leading to impaired platelet function, abnormal blood cell counts, and an increased risk of developing leukemia. RUNX1 mutations are also significant in determining prognosis and therapeutic strategies in leukemia patients. Learn more about the testing with Medical Database.
https://app.medicaldatabase.com/site/medical-tests/5eb08e47-f3a0-4bc4-b910-5324849cf3e8

02/07/2025

Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome (JPS) is an autosomal disease characterized by the presence of multiple non-cancerous ‘juvenile’ polyps in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and an increased risk for GI cancers, particularly colon cancer which are caused by mutations in the SMAD4 or BMPR1A genes. JPS has a 68% chance of developing gastrointestinal cancer by the age of 60. Thus, confirming a diagnosis of JPS is important for the appropriate surveillance and management of cancer patients with juvenile polyps. Genetic testing for mutation in the SMAD4 or BMPR1A genes is important in early diagnosis and management of JPS as approximately 50% of patients harbor such mutations. Identification of a heterozygous pathogenic variant in SMAD4 or BMPR1A confirms the diagnosis when the clinical features are inconclusive. Learn more about the testing with Medical Database.
https://app.medicaldatabase.com/site/medical-tests/55c00c1b-87ee-4b39-af57-6e23b8d19093

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