03/26/2026
There are now dozens of technologies that claim to influence the brain.
Neurofeedback.
Transcranial stimulation.
Photobiomodulation.
Vagus nerve stimulation.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
rTMS.
Each is often presented as if it might be the solution.
But the brain doesn’t work that way.
It’s a layered biological system.
Different approaches influence different layers of regulation.
Some improve the biological terrain the brain depends on.
Some stabilize the nervous system.
Some influence neural circuits.
And some—like neurofeedback—help the brain learn how to regulate itself.
I’ve been thinking about this as the Brain Regulation Ladder, a simple way to understand how these approaches may fit together.
Ultimately, the goal isn’t just changing brain activity.
It’s helping people live more meaningful lives.
I wrote a short piece explaining the idea here:
https://johnmekrut581505.substack.com/p/from-biology-to-meaning