06/23/2025
The DSM is highly flawed and I continue to encourage the field to move away from it adopting a system that is more based in neuroscience, less stigmatizing and one that acknowledges the significant role of various forms of trauma in mental health and suffering, however, this provides a necessary framework to understand the increase in Autism rates over the past decades. Spoiler-it's not due to vaccines!
"The rapid rise in autism cases is not because of vaccines or environmental toxins, but rather is the result of changes in the way that autism is defined and assessed — changes that I helped put into place...
Many large studies have come to the same conclusion: Vaccines don’t cause autism. The role, if any, of environmental toxins is still to be determined, but there is no known environmental factor that can explain the sudden jump in diagnoses. The changes we made to the diagnosis in the D.S.M.-IV can.
Why did autism-related diagnoses explode so far beyond what our task force had predicted? Two reasons. First, many school systems provide much more intensive services to children with the diagnosis of autism. While these services are extremely important for many children, whenever having a diagnosis carries a benefit, it will be overused. Second, overdiagnosis can happen whenever there’s a blurry line between normal behavior and disorder, or when symptoms overlap with other conditions. Classic severe autism had so tight a definition it was hard to confuse it with anything else; Asperger’s was easily confused with other mental disorders or with normal social avoidance and eccentricity. (We also, regrettably, named the condition after Hans Asperger, one of the first people to describe it, not realizing until later that he had collaborated with the N***s.)
In 2013, the next edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual, the D.S.M.-V, eliminated Asperger’s disorder as a stand-alone diagnosis and folded it into the newly introduced concept of autism spectrum disorder. This change further increased the rate of autism by obscuring the already fuzzy boundary between autism and social awkwardness.
It is difficult to accurately diagnose autism spectrum disorder. There is no biological test; symptoms vary greatly in nature and severity; clinicians don’t always agree; different diagnostic tests may come up with different conclusions; and the diagnosis is not always stable over time, meaning that many people diagnosed as children no longer meet criteria for diagnosis if evaluated later as adolescents or adults. Diagnostic inaccuracy contributes to falsely elevated rates, which can lead to misconceptions that an “epidemic” is occurring..."
The addition of Asperger’s disorder to the D.S.M. had enormous unintended consequences.