09/13/2025
Lets talk about Neurophysiology of trauma and what biofeedback (and especially neurofeedback) studies reveal.
đ Delta Waves and Trauma
Delta waves are the slowest brain waves (0.5â4 Hz).
They dominate during deep sleep and unconscious states, when the body restores and repairs itself.
In a healthy, waking brain, you should see low levels of delta â just enough to provide calm, background stability, but not so much that you lose alertness.
đ In trauma survivors, neurofeedback research often shows excessive delta activity even while awake.
This is sometimes called âcortical slowing.â
Itâs linked to foggy thinking, fatigue, and reduced executive function.
Essentially, the brain is holding itself in a protective, low-energy state â like a permanent âfreeze response.â
đ§ How the Traumatized Brain Appears in Scans
Different imaging modalities reveal complementary aspects:
1. EEG (electroencephalography) / QEEG (quantitative EEG)
Shows abnormal rhythms:
Excess delta/theta (slow waves) in frontal regions â associated with passivity, rumination, and âshut downâ states.
Low beta/gamma (fast waves) â less capacity for attention, focus, and agency.
This pattern - delta dominance (until healed) takes awayâ your ability to act.
2. fMRI / PET scans
Hyperactive amygdala (fear center) â constantly scanning for threat.
Hypoactive prefrontal cortex (decision-making / regulation) â weak brakes, reduced planning and impulse control.
Hippocampal shrinkage (memory consolidation center) â difficulty distinguishing past threat from present safety.
Together, this creates the âflashback loopâ: emotions and body states of trauma replay without the ability to regulate or contextualize them.
3. Biofeedback/Neurofeedback patterns
Clients often show high skin conductance (sweat response), irregular heart rate variability (HRV), and unstable breathing â body locked in survival mode.
Neurofeedback sessions train the brain to reduce delta/theta, strengthen alpha/beta balance, and restore flexibility across networks. âŹď¸