01/22/2026
Trauma is not a one-size-fits-all experience.
In clinical work, trauma is often understood in three primary forms:
Big T trauma, little t trauma, and complex trauma.
• Big T trauma refers to discrete, identifiable events that overwhelm the nervous system (e.g., assault, severe accidents, natural disasters, sudden loss).
• Little t trauma reflects relational or developmental disruptions—often involving unmet emotional or physical needs—that shape attachment, self-worth, and regulation over time.
• Complex trauma develops when trauma is chronic, relational, and involves repeated threats to safety, particularly during childhood, impacting identity, boundaries, and nervous system functioning long-term.
From a trauma-informed lens, trauma is defined not solely by the event, but by how the nervous system experiences, processes, and adapts to perceived threat.
Understanding the type of trauma helps guide effective, compassionate care.