03/04/2026
It’s very common for parents to hear something about the umbilical cord during pregnancy or birth and immediately feel afraid. Words like “knot” or “cord around the neck” can sound alarming, but in many cases these findings are much more common, and much less dangerous, than people realize.
The umbilical cord is an incredible design. Inside the cord are two arteries and one vein that carry blood, oxygen, and nutrients between baby and placenta. Surrounding those vessels is a thick, protective substance called Wharton’s jelly. This jelly-like material cushions and protects the blood vessels so they don’t easily get compressed, even when the cord bends, twists, or has a knot.
Because of this protection, true knots in the cord are relatively uncommon and often do not cause problems. Many babies are born with a knot that formed earlier in pregnancy when they had plenty of room to move around. In most cases, the cord continues to function normally because that protective Wharton’s jelly keeps the vessels open.
Another thing that can sound frightening is hearing that the cord is around the baby’s neck, often called a Nuchal cord. This actually happens quite frequently. Studies estimate that about 20–30% of babies are born with the cord loosely around their neck.
What’s important to understand is that babies in the womb do not breathe air. Their oxygen comes from the placenta through the umbilical cord. Because of that, a cord around the neck does not function the same way it would for someone breathing air.
During birth, providers are trained to gently slip the cord over the baby’s head or manage it safely as the baby is born.
Of course, birth providers always monitor baby closely during labor to make sure baby is tolerating contractions and birth well. But hearing the words “knot” or “cord around the neck” does not automatically mean an emergency.
Pregnancy and birth come with many unknowns, and it’s natural to worry when you hear terms that sound scary. But the human body, and the design of the umbilical cord, is remarkably thoughtful and protective.
Our babies are often far more resilient than we realize.