10/23/2024
Study detects early Alzheimer's 'stealth' phase before symptoms set in
Researchers have found that Alzheimer’s disease affects the brain in two distinct phases: a silent one, and a more aggressive later stage. Pictured, crane lifting the most powerful magnetic resonance tomograph in Europe. Image credit: Klaus-Dietmar Gabbert/picture alliance via Getty Images.
Alzheimer’s disease, the most common form of dementia, affects around 7 million people in the United States alone.
It is a progressive disease that gradually affects memory, thinking and behavior, for which there is currently no cure.
New research suggests that Alzheimer’s happens in two distinct stages: A slow phase with no symptoms, in which only a few vulnerable cell types are affected, followed by the destructive later phase, when the characteristic signs and symptoms of Alzheimer’s are seen.
The findings may help researchers develop new ways to diagnose and treat Alzheimer’s disease early in its development.
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia — a progressive neurological disorder that affects memory, thinking and behavior, eventually interfering with daily life.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO)Trusted Source, around 55 million people all over the Globe are living with dementia, and 10 million people are diagnosed with dementia each year around the world. Of these, up to 70% have Alzheimer’s disease.
Alzheimer’s generally starts with mild memory loss, and the symptoms worsen over time. People in the later stages of Alzheimer’s lose the ability to carry on a conversation and perform simple daily tasks, often needing round-the-clock care.
Symptoms are caused by changes in the brain, but new research has now found that some brain changes may begin long before any symptoms are seen.
The study, funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), suggests that the first slow, silent phase of Alzheimer’s occurs before any memory loss, with damage to just a few vulnerable cells in the brain. The second phase, which coincides with the development of symptoms, is more destructive and is characterized by the accumulation of plaques, tanglesTrusted Source, and other Alzheimer’s hallmarks.
The research appears in Nature NeuroscienceTrusted Source.
Igor Camargo Fontana, PhD, Alzheimer’s Association director of scientific conference programming, who was not involved in this study, told Medical News Today that:
“Alzheimer’s disease has a long pre-symptomatic period; Alzheimer’s-related changes take place in the brain 10, 15, even 20 years before the onset of memory and thinking symptoms. This new paper may contribute to how these changes are understood. Only time will tell.”
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