02/21/2026
A 2025 study published in the Journal of Craniofacial Surgery examined the effects of peppermint (Mentha piperita) essential oil on HNO210 human laryngeal (throat) cancer cells grown in laboratory conditions. The researchers cultured the cancer cells in a controlled environment and exposed them to different concentrations of peppermint oil ranging from 10 to 500 micrograms per milliliter. They used an MTT assay, a laboratory test that measures cell metabolic activity, to determine how many cells remained viable after treatment.
The results showed a clear dose-dependent effect, meaning higher concentrations caused greater cancer cell death. Within 24 hours, cell viability significantly decreased, and at concentrations above 200 micrograms per milliliter, nearly all of the cancer cells were destroyed. The treated cells also showed visible signs of damage, including shrinkage, reduced cell density, membrane blebbing, and detachment from the culture surface—changes commonly associated with cytotoxic stress and programmed cell death. These findings were observed in vitro (in lab-grown cells), not in human patients.
PMID: 41379470