10/11/2018
Something else to consider with infant colic -
The infant is vulnerable to forces in the uterus before birth and during the process of birth, especially with a mom with a small pelvis or with slow dilatation of the cervix. The base of the skull is formed in cartilage and the vault in membrane. Eight of the bones are in two to four parts (a total of twenty) at birth to allow for compression of the head as it passes through the birth canal (allowing protection of the central nervous system). The bones of the vault overlap and the cartilaginous base will compress, bend, or twist depending on the forces of labor and birth.
The actions of crying, breathing, and suckling, aid in restoring the normal relationships of the bones in the head and pelvis. If these actions do not accomplish this, entrapment of cranial nerves can occur. At birth, the occiput (the bone that directly above the neck) is in four parts - the base, two condyles, and the squama. Entrapment of cranial nerves IX, X, and XI (glossopharyngeal, vagus, and spinal accessory, respectively – the nerves involved in eating and digestion) may occur via compression of the jugular foramen (a hole or passageway from the head formed by the occiput and the temporal bone). Alteration in vagus nerve function can cause excessive crying. Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) can be used to allow the inherent forces to restore the normal relationship of the bones - alleviating the entrapment and relieving the symptoms.
A controlled, randomized clinical trial was performed on the effect of osteopathic manipulative treatment on the signs associated with infant colic. Of the infants that qualified for the study (with signs of infant colic), half were treated with osteopathic manipulation. Those treated showed a statistically significant decrease in crying and an increase in time spent sleeping. The group that was not treated showed no statistical improvement.