06/02/2025
Broken Heart Syndrome
Yes, a bad break up or loss of loved one can break your heart.
If you’ve been through a sudden romantic breakup or the surprising loss of a loved one, you know what a broken heart feels like. But can these experiences actually—literally—break your heart?
Only love can break your heart?
Broken heart syndrome often occurs at times of acute emotional stress, such as the sudden death of a loved one.
Yes, they can, and they do.
The condition is called broken heart syndrome. Also known as stress cardiomyopathy, neurogenic stunned myocardium, takotsubo cardiomyopathy, and apical ballooning syndrome, it can occur at times of acute emotional stress, such as the sudden death of a loved one—hence the “broken heart” description.
The pathogenesis of heartbreak?
Broken heart syndrome is most prevalent in older, postmenopausal women, and usually resolves after a month or upto a year.
Mimicking acute coronary syndrome, broken heart syndrome is accompanied by reversible left ventricular apical ballooning of no apparent cause with an absence of angiographically significant coronary artery stenosis. It can be easily misdiagnosed as a heart attack because patients typically present with classic myocardial chest pain and moderately increased cardiac enzymes (particularly troponins). It’s also characterized by electrocardiographic abnormalities, such as ST-segment elevation and/or T-wave inversion.
The syndrome was originally identified
by Japanese scientists in 1991, who thought the unusual apical ballooning appearance on echocardiogram resembled a traditional Japanese “takotsubo”—a round fishing trap used for catching octopus. Researchers initially considered it a rare phenomenon, but more recent data indicate that the syndrome accounts for more than 2% of all patients presenting with suspected acute coronary syndrome with ST-segment elevation.
The pathogenesis of broken heart syndrome has yet to be determined, but the three proposed mechanisms include coronary vasospasm, microvascular spasm, and catecholamine-induced neurogenic stunning of the myocardium.
An unequivocal link
Regardless of the etiology, something occurring in the brain 🧠 affects the ❤️ heart.
There is an unequivocal link between the state of mind and the development of takotsubo syndrome.
The frequent association of broken heart syndrome with sudden and intense emotional stress suggests that the mechanism of transient ventricular myocardial dysfunction might be sympathetically mediated adding that an emotional or a physical stressor is reported in more than two thirds of these patients.
A more poetic way to look at it: Every heart has two parts, the part that pumps and the part that loves.