04/30/2022
Have you ever heard of a famous therapist from the 1940s named Viktor Frankl? He was a Jewish neurologist who survived the Holocaust. From his experiences in the labor camps, he discovered that meaning and hope are essential to human motivation. Without hope, one can feel very lost and aimless.
There are many studies on the benefits of hope on our mental health. Hope helps us to reach our goals, it improves our self-efficacy and self-esteem, it improves interpersonal relationships, and it improves our overall physical and physiological well-being. However, people often throw around this idea of hopefulness, but what does it actually mean? And if you lack hope for your future, is it possible to acquire it?
Hope can mean different things for many people. It can include the idea of meaning or purpose, a positive outlook, or the pursuit of a brighter future. To provide a working definition of hope, we turn to Snyder et al. (1991), who stated that hope is “a positive cognitive state based on a sense of successful goal-directed determination and planning to meet these goals”. It is the ability to walk different paths to achieve what you want out of life. Snyder was a psychologist who specialized in positive psychology, which is the study of societal and individual well-being. Snyder developed a Hope Theory, which included goals, paths, and freedom of choice. There are three types of thinking that Snyder postulated as being necessary for the formation and sustentation of hope:
1. Goals Thinking: the clear conceptualization of having attainable goals
2. Pathways Thinking: Conceptualizing various ways of attaining said goals
3. Agency Thinking: The ability to start the process down one or more of those paths to attain your goals
If you feel a lack of hope in your life, perhaps take a look at these three types of thinking. Do you have goals for your life? Do you have a way of reaching them? Do you have the ability – the self-efficacy – to begin making progress down those paths? Perhaps one of these areas can be enhanced in your life to increase your hope.
So what if you are lacking in one of these types of thinking? Here are three interventions for you to try to increase your hope:
1. Journal – Yes, journal. Journaling is such a wonderful tool that not only brings about awareness or helps us process through our thoughts and feelings, but it can be used to challenge our thoughts and beliefs and practice looking at things in a new light. Keep a hope journal and write out your hopes, aspirations, and goals. Write out those pathways to get there, and then journal about the obstacles – whether they be situational or personal – in your way. This will be help you create your Goal Thinking.
2. List your successes, strengths, and resources – for those who lack hopefulness, it can be very easy to view life through a negative lens. Doing this can oftentimes overshadow accomplishments and strengths. Take a moment to list them out, along with resources you have at your disposal. This will be beneficial for creating Pathway and Agency Thinking.
3. Try something! – Start down a pathway! If you’ve completed the two prior interventions, then you are more aware of your strengths, your goals, and your routes to accomplishing them. Try one! It may or may not fail, but you won’t know until you take that step. Doing so will increase your self-efficacy, which in turn will improve your motivation, and yes, your hope.
Hope is very personal and can look different for everyone. Take the time to find what works for you. Give yourself patience and grace when working on instilling hope in your life. These interventions may need to be tweaked some to fit your needs. That’s okay! As cliché as it may sound, it rings true: there is such value in the process to discovering