01/08/2020
Memory loss and dementia
The word "dementia" is an umbrella term used to describe a set of symptoms, including impairment in memory, reasoning, judgment, language and other thinking skills. Dementia usually begins gradually, worsens over time and impairs a person's abilities in work, social interactions and relationships.
Often, memory loss that disrupts your life is one of the first or more-recognizable signs of dementia. Other early signs might include:
Asking the same questions repeatedly
Forgetting common words when speaking
Mixing words up — saying "bed" instead of "table," for example
Taking longer to complete familiar tasks, such as following a recipe
Misplacing items in inappropriate places, such as putting a wallet in a kitchen drawer
Getting lost while walking or driving in a familiar area
Having changes in mood or behavior for no apparent reason
Diseases that cause progressive damage to the brain — and consequently result in dementia — include:
Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia
Vascular dementia
Frontotemporal dementia
Lewy body dementia
The disease process (pathology) of each of these conditions differs somewhat. Memory impairment isn't always the first sign, and the type of memory problems varies. It's also possible to have more than one type of dementia, known as mixed dementia.