Ray Walls MD

05/11/2026

Standardization of Platelet-Rich Plasma Preparation in Orthopedics: A Review of the Literature and Proposal for a Reproducible Protocol.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in orthopedics and sports medicine as an autologous product; however, substantial heterogeneity in manufacture and incomplete reporting of preparation parameters limits reproducibility and inter-study comparability.: We performed a PRISMA-guided methodologic...

05/10/2026

Happy Mother’s Day!

05/04/2026

Foot and ankle biomaterials: a comprehensive review of current applications, challenges, and future directions.

Metallic biomaterials enable successful reconstruction and fixation of skeletal tissues by supporting repair, load-bearing function, and anatomical alignment in foot and ankle surgery. However, the unique anatomic and biomechanical demands of this region, combined with challenging pathologies such a...

04/27/2026

Physical Therapy for a Broken Ankle.

A broken ankle can severely limit your ability to perform basic functional tasks like running and walking. This painful injury can cause loss of lower extremity strength, range of motion, and pain. These impairments can make performing your normal everyday activities difficult or impossible.

04/22/2026

Happy Earth Day!

04/20/2026

Limping.

Many different health conditions can cause limping (antalgic gait) when you walk. This can include acute injuries as well as gradually progressing medical concerns. Paying closer attention to when the limping occurs and any symptoms that accompany it can help you determine its origins.

04/09/2026

Biologics for bone regeneration: advances in cell, protein, gene, and mRNA therapies.

Bone fractures represent a significant global healthcare burden. Although fractures typically heal on their own, some fail to regenerate properly, leading to nonunion, a condition that causes prolonged disability, morbidity, and mortality. Biologic therapies have emerged as promising tools to enhanc...

04/02/2026

Platelet-Rich Plasma and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Critical Overview of the Multiple Biases and Methodological Complexity.

Intra-articular injections of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are increasingly utilized in the management of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and various other medical specialties. However, the efficacy of PRP remains a contentious issue; some experts consider it to be a placebo, while others advocate for its t...

03/26/2026

Cast immobilisation versus surgery for unstable lateral malleolus fractures (SUPER-FIN): randomised non-inferiority clinical trial.

Objective To compare cast immobilisation with surgery using open reduction and internal plate fixation for unimalleolar Weber B ankle fractures with a congruent mortise on initial radiography but deemed unstable by external rotation stress testing.

03/19/2026

Flips, Falls, and Fractures: The Reality of Cheerleading Injuries.

Cheerleading is rising in popularity, with competitive cheer now being recognized as an Olympic sport, possibly leading to an Olympic debut in the near future. These athletes present with issues such as pressure for a quick return, concerns for decreased bone density, and injury patterns unique to t...

03/12/2026

Ankle Pain When Walking: Causes and What You Can Do.

Most ankle pain can be managed with rest, modifying activities, supportive footwear, over-the-counter pain medication, and other conservative measures. However, some causes may require further treatment.