07/07/2024
Authoritarianism is on the rise and support for democracy on the wane. Why?
Over seventy years ago in reaction to the rise of Na**sm and the resulting Holocaust in Germany, Adorno and colleagues (1950) studied and identified nine features of the “authoritarian syndrome.” Anyone watching the USA today can recognize most of these characteristics in political figures and in some citizens:
• Authoritarian aggression (aggression to enforce hierarchy and norms)
• Authoritarian submission (submissive to accepted authority figures)
• Support for conventional values (at least superficially and for others)
• Preoccupation with toughness and power (and fear of vulnerability)
• Cynicism about human nature
• Mental rigidity and a proclivity to engage in stereotypical thinking
• Reluctance to engage in introspection (low self-awareness)
• Tendency to project one’s undesirable traits onto others (scapegoating)
• Sexual inhibition
These are all species-abnormal traits.1 Interestingly, these also were characteristic of conquistadors, Victorian elite men, and many European colonizers. The syndrome seems to be spreading today.
Adorno and colleagues found that the home environment was fundamental to the formation of authoritarian features—specifically, having parents with these authoritarian characteristics. Such parents are aggressive and harsh towards children, even babies—for example, punishing them for not following expectations. They are cynical about the baby’s motives, projecting their own undesirable traits onto the child. And they are focused on maintaining power over the child (controlling sleeping, eating, etc.).
You might be thinking, ‘Aw, that’s German parents following N**i parenting manuals telling them to break their children’s spirits so they’d have control of them for life. What’s that got to do with us today? Most parents are not N**is.’ Ah, but parenting practices under today’s stressful conditions (e.g., in the USA) are exhibiting harshness and neglect, the very things that lead to authoritarianism. In a speeded-up world focused on money-making and efficiency, we are told it is normal for babies to cry, to s***k children, and for adults to control children’s birth timing and their lives afterward. Nope. Species abnormal.
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