American Journal of Neuroradiology

American Journal of Neuroradiology The Journal of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (Official Journal: ASNR, ASFNR, ASHNR, AS
(232)

Published by the American Society of Neuroradiology (ASNR), the American Journal of Neuroradiology (AJNR) publishes original articles pertaining to the clinical imaging, therapy, and basic science of the central and peripheral nervous system. In a typical year, AJNR publishes more than 350 fully reviewed Original Research papers, Review Articles, and Technical Notes. Subject matter covers the spec

trum of diagnostic and functional imaging of the brain, head, neck, spine, and organs of special sense, including: aging and degenerative diseases; anatomy; the cervicothoracic junction; contrast media; experimental studies; functional imaging; iatrogenic disorders; imaging techniques and technology (including all advanced imaging modalities); inflammatory diseases; interventional techniques and related technology; the larynx and lymphatics; molecular imaging; the nasopharynx and skull base; neoplastic diseases; the nose and paranasal sinuses; oral and dental imaging; ophthalmologic and otorhinolaryngologic imaging; pediatric ENT radiology; pediatric neuroradiology and congenital malformations; the phakomatoses; radionuclide imaging; the salivary glands; seizure disorders; cancer, stroke, and cerebrovascular diseases; the temporal bone; and tissue characterization and trauma. AJNR is abstracted and/or indexed by PubMed/Medline, BIOSIS Previews, Current Contents (Clinical Medicine and Life Sciences), EMBASE, Google Scholar, HighWire Press, Q-Sensei, RefSeek, Science Citation Index, and SCI Expanded. Twelve issues per year, peer-reviewed, approximately 200 pages per issue. OFFICIAL JOURNAL: American Society of Neuroradiology, American Society of Functional Neuroradiology, American Society of Head and Neck Radiology, American Society of Pediatric Neuroradiology, American Society of Spine Radiology

Check our Fellows’ Journal Club choice for the month: ‘Cracking the Code of Calcification: How Presence and Burden among...
07/27/2025

Check our Fellows’ Journal Club choice for the month: ‘Cracking the Code of Calcification: How Presence and Burden among Intracranial Arteries Influence Stroke Incidence and Recurrence’
This meta-analysis demonstrates a weak yet present association between intracranial arterial calcification and stroke events. However, given the high prevalence of calcification in the general population, its role for stroke prediction has limited evidence. Future studies may focus on specific arterial segments and emerging calcification patterns to improve predictive accuracy

https://www.ajnr.org/content/46/7/1321

Check our Fellows’ Journal Club choice: ‘Management Outcomes after Image-Guided Percutaneous Biopsy for Suspected Verteb...
07/25/2025

Check our Fellows’ Journal Club choice:

‘Management Outcomes after Image-Guided Percutaneous Biopsy for Suspected Vertebral Osteomyelitis-Discitis’

This retrospective study of patients who underwent image-guided biopsy for suspected vertebral osteomyelitis-discitis aimed to assess how biopsy results impact clinical management.
It was found that biopsy results changed management in 36% of cases, mostly in culture-positive cases allowing for customizing antibiotic treatment. While antibiotic therapy at the time of biopsy did not impact yield, it was concluded that it may lead to less management change.

https://www.ajnr.org/content/46/7/1478

Check one of Editor’s choice for the month: ‘Comparing CT-Like Bone Images Based on Fast Field Echo Resembling a CT Usin...
07/21/2025

Check one of Editor’s choice for the month: ‘Comparing CT-Like Bone Images Based on Fast Field Echo Resembling a CT Using Restricted Echo Spacing (FRACTURE) MR with CT in Pediatric Congenital Vertebral Anomalies’

FRACTURE MR is reliable for bone imaging in pediatric complex spinal anomalies with substantial to perfect agreement between the 2 modalities. The bone signal is lower in children younger than 3 years due to a more cartilaginous skeleton. Despite some drawbacks of the sequences, it has the potential to complement conventional MR sequences in place of CT for bone assessment in pediatric complex spinal anomalies. This can reduce the radiation dose and an additional study in this group of pediatric patients who will be serially followed up with imaging during their management. We believe that FRACTURE MR still in its naïve form cannot replace CT, at least in trauma due to time constraints and postoperative studies due to susceptibility from metallic implants. Whether it holds potential in pediatric spine trauma or other vertebral pathologies needs to be evaluated by additional studies.

https://www.ajnr.org/content/46/7/1471

Check our Editor’s choice for the month: ‘Deep Invasion Volume of the Primary Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Predicts Treatmen...
07/17/2025

Check our Editor’s choice for the month: ‘Deep Invasion Volume of the Primary Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Predicts Treatment Outcome’

The DIVr reflects the propensity of NPC for deep invasion and was associated with nodal metastases on initial presentation and predicted survival especially in relationship to DMFS. This measurement performed better than PTV and improved slightly the performance of the AJCC T-category for DFS and DMFS but not OS. The additional value of using DIVr was not strong enough to justify incorporation into T-categorization for staging NPC but our results suggest it could have a role in guiding posttreatment imaging strategies for early detection of distant metastases.

https://www.ajnr.org/content/46/7/1446

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Check one of our Editor’s choice for the month: ‘Antiamyloid Therapy and Cerebral Blood Flow Changes on MRI: A Potential...
07/16/2025

Check one of our Editor’s choice for the month: ‘Antiamyloid Therapy and Cerebral Blood Flow Changes on MRI: A Potential Longitudinal Biomarker of Treatment Response?’

This case series highlights a potential role for noncontrast ASL-MR to detect changes in CBF in patients with AD receiving lecanemab therapy. The varied response to therapy shown in this case series, although not yet well understood, suggests that CBF changes may provide an opportunity for personalized approaches to monitoring and treatment. ASL-MR offers a promising, noninvasive, and low-cost means to track these changes, which could enhance our understanding and management of AD in clinical practice. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether early CBF improvements can predict better cognitive response to antiamyloid and other upcoming forms of AD therapy.

https://www.ajnr.org/content/46/7/1439

Check our Editor’s choice of the month: ‘ Deep Medullary Vein Integrity and Relationships with Small Vessel Disease and ...
06/29/2025

Check our Editor’s choice of the month: ‘ Deep Medullary Vein Integrity and Relationships with Small Vessel Disease and Interstitial Diffusivity Measures in Patients with a Recent Small Subcortical Infarct‘
In patients with a recent small subcortical infarct, DMVs may be affected in number or morphology. Despite the weak associations with typical SVD features, DMV alterations are associated with microstructural damage and increased extracellular water (FW), but not impaired fluid clearance measures (DTI-ALPS index). This suggests an imbalance in interstitial fluid regulation without a noticeable reduction in perivenular water molecule diffusivity. The assessment of the venous compartment has the potential to advance the comprehension of the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning SVD. However, more research is needed to establish reliable methods for assessing DMV pathology and its clinical significance before considering DMV alterations on MRI as a reliable marker of SVD.
https://www.ajnr.org/content/46/6/1103

Check our Editor’s choice for the month’ Enhancing Lesion Detection in Inflammatory Myelopathies: A Deep Learning–Recons...
06/28/2025

Check our Editor’s choice for the month’ Enhancing Lesion Detection in Inflammatory Myelopathies: A Deep Learning–Reconstructed Double Inversion Recovery MRI Approach‘ This study demonstrates that DIRDL significantly reduces acquisition time and enhances image quality compared with standard DIR, without compromising diagnostic confidence. These features make DIRDL a valuable tool in the clinical evaluation of inflammatory myelopathies. Further research, particularly multicenter studies, is necessary to confirm these findings and promote the broader adoption of DIRDL in clinical practice.https://www.ajnr.org/content/46/6/1180.

Check our Fellows’Journal Club choice of the month: ‘ Single Large-Scale Mitochondrial Deletion Syndromes: Neuroimaging ...
06/24/2025

Check our Fellows’Journal Club choice of the month: ‘ Single Large-Scale Mitochondrial Deletion Syndromes: Neuroimaging Phenotypes and Longitudinal Progression in Pediatric Patients‘
This study provides a detailed imaging analysis of SLSMDs, highlighting distinctive imaging features and a predictable imaging progression in patients with KSS, which are overall indistinguishable from individuals with CPEO-plus and individuals with PS→KSS.
https://www.ajnr.org/content/46/6/1272

We are excited to present this Special Collection focused on photon-counting CT, sponsored by Siemens Healthineers. See ...
06/23/2025

We are excited to present this Special Collection focused on photon-counting CT, sponsored by Siemens Healthineers. See how this transformative technology is revolutionizing neuroimaging, offering unparalleled advancements in image quality and patient care.

https://www.ajnr.org/content/photon-counting-ct

Exciting news! The American Journal of Neuroradiology has reached a new milestone: our 2025 impact factor has jumped fro...
06/23/2025

Exciting news! The American Journal of Neuroradiology has reached a new milestone: our 2025 impact factor has jumped from 3.1 to 3.7! 🎉 This underscores the growing impact of our journal and the exceptional research our authors, reviewers, and editors consistently deliver. https://www.ajnr.org

Check our Editor’s choice for June: ‘Dissociation of Structural and Functional Connectivity and Metabolism in the Neocor...
06/21/2025

Check our Editor’s choice for June: ‘Dissociation of Structural and Functional Connectivity and Metabolism in the Neocortex of Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy: A Simultaneous PET/MRI Multimodal Study’

Our study underscores the complexity of disease-related changes in IGE. While SC, FC, and glucose metabolism each reveal distinct abnormalities, the dissociation and limited correlation between these modalities suggests that they may reflect different aspects of the disorder, possibly operating independently or at different stages of disease progression. By integrating multiple neuroimaging modalities, we can advance our understanding of IGE and pave the way for more comprehensive and effective treatments.

https://www.ajnr.org/content/46/6/1208

Check our Fellows’ Journal Club choice for June: ‘ A Review of Intracranial Aneurysm Imaging Modalities, from CT to Stat...
06/19/2025

Check our Fellows’ Journal Club choice for June: ‘ A Review of Intracranial Aneurysm Imaging Modalities, from CT to State-of-the-Art MR’
The prevalence of smaller aneurysms that rupture, coupled with the large health care burden of SAH, means that more powerful and predictive imaging biomarkers are needed to risk stratify IAs. Although many of the imaging modalities presented in this review, such as MR VWI, CFD, and DCE MRI have practical limitations, these techniques provide a snapshot of aneurysm dome hemodynamics and vascular wall status (ie, inflammation and permeability) that cannot be captured by traditional imaging techniques. Moreover, there has been a recent proliferation of commercially available AI software for the detection of IAs, with more complicated AI models for risk stratification and longitudinal follow-up ready for clinical integration. Ultimately, these MR modalities are not stand-alone tools but complementary techniques that have the potential to work hand in hand with traditional modalities to better equip surgeons in risk-stratifying and treating smaller UIAs.

https://www.ajnr.org/content/46/6/1082

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