09/14/2025
There are no human studies showing ni****ne patches reduce spike binding or clear spike protein from receptors. Most data around ni****ne in COVID are about ACE2 upregulation and epidemiologic smoking risks, not receptor displacement. There are 2 possible benefits of ni****ne: 1) activation of the CAIP pathway (however, VNS does this too without all the side effects) and 2) reestablishment of ACE2 receptors on cell surfaces restoring homeostasis with blood pressure control. The second one is completed within a few days and doesn't require taking ni****ne for months and years.
Let me clarify: I am not saying there is NO use for ni****ne. I am contesting the claims made about ni****ne. What I am saying here is that there is no human evidence that ni****ne can reduce spike, displace spike proteins, or clear spike proteins from the body. Ni****ne doesn't bind to ACE2 receptors, but can increase ACE2 production. Ni****ne binds to α7 nAChRs (receptors), this is what activates the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAIP), however these receptors quickly habituate to ni****ne and stop responding. Other potential benefits of ni****ne are from its stimulant effects in terms of reducing fatigue and improving mental clarity.
Lets get to the other receptor: Ni****ne definitely binds α7 nAChRs and activates the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Spike also interacts with α7, but at a different site. Because of this, ni****ne cannot displace spike protein from α7 receptors. This is not my opinion.
Another receptor: Functions of the α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) mostly in the brain.
Cognition: Supports attention, learning, and memory by modulating excitatory signaling in the cortex and hippocampus.
Reward & Addiction: Drives dopamine release in the mesolimbic system, making it the primary receptor responsible for ni****ne dependence.
Mood & Arousal: Regulates alertness, anxiety, and mood states.
Sensory Processing: Helps with information filtering and neuronal communication efficiency.
The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the constellation of symptoms that characterize COVID-19 are only incompletely understood. In an effor...