11/12/2025
Maximizing Nutrition and Ensuring Flexibility with Tube Feeding
During inpatient treatment, the Penn Medicine Princeton Center for Eating Disorders team works to maximize nutrition to help patients regain medical stabilization. From the first day of admission, the team trials behavioral interventions to promote increased nutritional intake. In some cases, tube feeding – most often through the use of nasogastric tubes – serves as an additional supportive tool to help achieve this goal with greater ease. The team approaches tube feeding with compassion, flexibility, patient and parent engagement, and the latest devices designed to improve comfort.
“Tube feeding can be a particularly helpful strategy for patients who have difficulty completing their full meal plan by mouth,” says Susan Murray, PhD, supervising psychologist at Princeton Center for Eating Disorders. “It can diminish ‘food noise’ – the constant and often distressing thoughts about food due to continuous hunger – and also reduce the anxiety related to decision-making about food.”
These benefits, paired with the potential improvement in cognition that may come with nutritional rehabilitation, may lead to clearer thinking and the ability to focus more fully on treatment.
“This type of care can be a wonderful option in our toolbox to provide consistent, reliable nutrition,” says Jenna Deinzer, RD, lead dietitian. “From a medical standpoint, it ensures that we’re moving toward stability while also offering flexibility.”
The team is skilled in managing all types of tubes, including those that are surgically or endoscopically placed. Because the eating disorders program is part of Penn Medicine Princeton Medical Center, onsite GI expertise is available to place a gastrostomy or gastrojejunostomy tube if necessary.
Princeton Center for Eating Disorders recently completed a pilot study on the use of new small-bore CORFLO nasogastric tubes that can be inserted by nurses, with positive results leading to ongoing use. Nurses received one-on-one training on placing tubes safely, and the smaller size and compassionate approach maximizes comfort for adults and children alike.
“Our nurses have the ability to place these tubes almost immediately after receiving the physician order, which streamlines care,” says Corinne Timberman, MSN, RN, PMHN-BC, nurse manager. “Tube feeding is meant to be a supportive intervention, and that includes the placement process.”
Nurses educate patients prior to tube placement and talk through each step during insertion. An additional staff member is available to provide support and coping tools, such as soothing music and hot or cold packs. In addition, medication to ease anxiety can be ordered by a physician. “Once a tube is inserted, we use X-rays to ensure proper placement – the gold standard for this type of care,” adds Timberman.
Dietitians at Princeton Center for Eating Disorders select formulas based on individual needs, with options including standard, fiber-containing, concentrated, specialized (ie, dairy-free), and semi-elemental, which features easier-to-absorb proteins for those with very complex GI issues. They then calculate energy goals and monitor the feeding rate and duration throughout the process.
Built-in pump technology enables volume-based feeding, which ensures greater accuracy in the volume and energy being administered. Feeding is typically started at a low rate, giving the body time to adjust. From there, options include continuous, bolus, or nocturnal feeding.
For example, continuous tube feeding can be used as a supplement if a patient is unable to complete meals or is eating smaller meals. Bolus tube feeding over a short period of time can mimic a meal and help regulate hunger and fullness cues. And overnight feeding is sometimes preferred by patients.
In addition to being highly individualized, tube feeding is meant to be a limited-time intervention at Princeton Center for Eating Disorders. “From the minute we place a tube, we start planning its removal,” notes Deinzer. “We work to meet goals and then transition patients off gradually so they can continue treatment progress.”
“We consider this intervention as a bridge to help patients get to the next part of their journey,” adds Dr. Murray.
“Having an NG tube was a deeply supportive part of my recovery. It gave my body the nourishment it needed, quieted my relentless food noise, and allowed me to heal on my own terms. Rather than feeling like a setback, it provided a steady foundation to focus on restoration and growth, at a pace that met me where I was at. With constant nourishment, I felt my cognitive function return and, with it, pieces of my personality that had faded.”
-Princeton Center for Eating Disorders patient