03/01/2025
Measles Update
There are 146 cases in the current Texas measles outbreak. Most of the patients are under the age of 19 and unvaccinated. Yesterday, a case of measles was reported in Austin in an unvaccinated infant related to international travel. To put this in perspective, in all of 2024, there were 285 cases across the ENTIRE US for the YEAR. Measles was considered to be eradicated in 2000, but the declining rates of vaccination have led to increasing numbers of cases and outbreaks.
Measles (Rubeola) is a highly contagious viral illness spread through respiratory droplets, that starts with a fever, cough, and red eyes. A red rash usually appears 3–5 days later. The incubation period is 11-12 days after exposure to the virus, but symptoms may appear 7-21 days after exposure.
Early symptoms
• High fever, sometimes over 104° F
• Coughing
• Runny nose
• Red, watery eyes
• Sore throat
• Muscle pain
• Sensitivity to light
Rash
• Flat red spots that appear on the face, hairline, and behind the ears
• Spots that spread to the neck, trunk, arms, legs, and feet
• Spots that may join together as they spread
• Small raised bumps that may appear on top of the flat red spots
Other symptoms
• White spots inside the mouth called Koplik spots
• Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
When to seek care
If you think you have measles, tell your doctor BEFORE seeking care.
Measles can lead to serious complications, including blindness, encephalitis, ear infections, and severe breathing problems.
Measles is vaccine-preventable. Children should receive two doses of MMR vaccine at age 12-15 months and 4-6 years.
Reasons for revaccination include:
• Received only one dose of measles vaccine: Two doses are required for optimal protection.
• Received an inactivated measles vaccine: Inactivated vaccines were used in the past and may not provide adequate immunity.
• Were vaccinated before 1968: Vaccines used before 1968 may have been less effective.
• Are at high risk for exposure: This includes healthcare workers, international travelers, and people living in areas with measles outbreaks.