05/04/2026
Hantavirus is a group of rare, potentially fatal viruses transmitted to humans primarily through contact with infected rodents (mice, rats, voles) or their urine, droppings, and saliva. It causes severe respiratory illness, known as Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) in the Americas, or Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) in Europe and Asia.
Key Facts About Hantavirus:
Transmission: Primarily through inhaling airborne particles from dried rodent droppings/urine, or touching contaminated surfaces and then the mouth/nose.
Symptoms: Early symptoms (1â8 weeks after exposure) include fever, fatigue, muscle aches, and headache. It progresses to coughing, shortness of breath, and fluid in the lungs.
Severity: HPS has a mortality rate of nearly 40%.
Outbreaks: Rare; one specific strain (Andes virus) can spread person-to-person, but this is uncommon.
Prevention: Avoid cleaning rodent-infested areas without proper protection (masks/gloves), seal homes against rodents, and keep food storage areas clean.
What is Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)?
HPS is a severe respiratory disease caused by hantaviruses in the Americas. It affects the lungs, often requiring intensive care unit treatment.
What is Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS)?
HFRS is caused by Old World hantaviruses found in Europe and Asia. Symptoms include fever, headache, back/abdominal pain, and it can cause kidney failure.
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