09/13/2024
EDUCATORS & PARENTS: On dyslexia. The APA Monitor has come out with an article that is important to consider when developing programs for students of any age but especially for K-12. However, if you are thinking higher education, consider that many students are coming from systems that failed them and/or their family members, and reading is as large part of their liberation or oppression. This article breaks no ground in this area but those who believe in freedom can see the path in spite of the articles shortcomings in the area of Liberatory Psychology. Here is a statistic about Black boys, "75 percent of black California boys don’t meet state reading standards," according to Cal Matters. As a it is my research agenda is about Black students and their families, I ask what can be done it improve the reading skills and agency of Black boys?
My summary based on APA's Key Point is below:
There is no link between dyslexia and IQ (I would add, the another bad assumption made based on IQ). — This was an idea in the 1980s that one had to have a high IQ to suffer from dyslexia and therefore be diagnosed with the reading disorder. That 5% has strong language skills and an ability to distinguish between sounds such as “big” and “pig.” White students have more reading supports than non White students. Diagnosis remains a challenge because of lack of consensus on definitions, assessments, and research interpretations. Brain based research is trying to help. There is a proposal from Florida State to view Dyslexia with a spectrum of severity and that many causes can interact in a constellation of factors. There needs to be more research on the strengths of those with dyslexia.
Promising research showing the differences in dyslexic brains may lead to more objective testing and treatments. — Nearly 20% of people in the USA have dyslexia and this accounts for 90% of learning disabilities. Dyslexia impacts mental health according to the latest science (e.g., Social Anxiety, especially if ADHD is present), and long standing discussion about prisoners overrepresented with reading challenges. From a social-emotional perspective, it helps to give children with dyslexia a sense of control and self-worth.
With early and effective interventions—and absent any other disability—all children can learn to read (I also add an supportive environment with realistic expectations helps too, the article says as much). — Only about 5% of children learn to read with little support. Mentoring programs that pair middle school students with known disabilities such as ADHD and dyslexia with elementary school students has been promising. Structured reading programs that emphasize resilience, persistence, and self-esteem can set children up for success.
Persistent misunderstandings about reading struggles have impeded progress in diagnosis and treatment.