
08/27/2025
Neuromodulation vs Trigger Point Release
In clinical practice, acupuncture can influence the body in different ways depending on
whether needles are retained for a period of time or applied specifically to tight, painful muscle
bands known as trigger points. Both methods are valuable, but they operate through distinct
mechanisms. This paper explains the difference between neuromodulation through needle
retention and trigger point release.
Neuromodulation (Needle Retention)
When acupuncture needles are retained, they continue to provide a steady input to local
nerve endings. This input does more than affect the tissue at the needle site. It alters how the
spinal cord and brain process sensory information, a process known as neuromodulation. By
sustaining stimulation, the nervous system shifts its balance: pain signals are dampened,
muscle tone is adjusted, and the autonomic nervous system is influenced. Neuromodulation
can calm overactive pain pathways, regulate stress responses, and even affect mood and
sleep. Neurochemicals such as endorphins, serotonin, and GABA are released, helping the
body reset its baseline toward healing and relaxation. The effects are systemic, extending
beyond the immediate needle location, and may last even after the needles are removed.
Trigger Point Release
Trigger points are hyperactive spots within muscle fibers that cause local tightness and often
refer pain to other areas. When an acupuncture needle or manual pressure is applied to a
trigger point, it can produce a brief twitch response in the muscle. This reflex action resets the
abnormal motor endplate activity, relieving the contraction and allowing blood flow and
oxygen to return to the area. Trigger point release primarily has a local effect. Patients often
feel immediate relief of muscle tightness, increased range of motion, and a decrease in
localized or referred pain. Unlike neuromodulation, this effect is not aimed at broad systemic
regulation, but rather at resolving a specific muscular dysfunction.
Conclusion
In summary, neuromodulation and trigger point release represent two different yet
complementary approaches. Neuromodulation reshapes how the nervous system processes
signals, creating systemic changes in pain perception, stress, and autonomic balance. Trigger
point release directly addresses dysfunctional muscle knots, providing localized relief and
restoring healthy muscle function. Both methods are important tools in acupuncture and dry
needling practice, chosen based on the needs of the patient and the goals of treatment.