Cureus Journal of Medical Science

Cureus Journal of Medical Science The Open Access medical journal for a new generation of doctors, researchers and patients. Cureus currently recognizes the following medical specialties.

Don’t see your specialty listed? Contact us at support@cureus.com. A
Allergy and Immunology
Anatomy
Anesthesiology
C
Cardiac/Thoracic/Vascular Surgery
Cardiology
Critical Care
D
Dentistry
Dermatology
Diabetes and Endocrinology
E
Emergency Medicine
Epidemiology and Public Health
F
Family Medicine
Forensic Medicine
G
Gastroenterology
General Practice
Genetics
Geriatrics
H
Health Policy
Hematology
HIV/AIDS
Hospital-based Medicine
I
Infectious Disease
Integrative/Complementary Medicine
Internal Medicine
Internal Medicine-Pediatrics
M
Medical Education and Simulation
Medical Physics
N
Nephrology
Neurological Surgery
Neurology
Nuclear Medicine
Nutrition
O
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Occupational Health
Oncology
Ophthalmology
Optometry
Oral Medicine
Orthopaedics
Osteopathic Medicine
Otolaryngology
P
Pain Management
Palliative Care
Pathology
Pediatrics
Pediatric Surgery
Pharmacology
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Plastic Surgery
Podiatry
Preventive Medicine
Psychiatry
Psychology
Pulmonology
R
Radiation Oncology
Radiology
Rheumatology
S
Substance Use and Addiction
Surgery
T
Therapeutics
Trauma
U
Urology

A 20-year-old with SLE on immunosuppression presented with: fever, severe headache, photophobia & meningismEmpiric antib...
04/06/2026

A 20-year-old with SLE on immunosuppression presented with: fever, severe headache, photophobia & meningism

Empiric antibiotics were started.

But lumbar puncture revealed:
Opening pressure: 43 cm H₂O
Normal CSF profile

Final diagnosis: intracranial hypertension, not infection.

Takeaway: Not all meningitic presentations are infectious, always check opening pressure.
Clinicians: Do you routinely prioritize opening pressure in suspected meningitis cases?

Read more here: https://hubs.la/Q049FZL50

Pediatric bowel obstruction… caused by a ureteric anomaly? A 3-month-old infant presented with:• severe constipation• ab...
04/06/2026

Pediatric bowel obstruction… caused by a ureteric anomaly?
A 3-month-old infant presented with:
• severe constipation
• abdominal mass
• suspected large bowel obstruction

But imaging and surgery revealed a rare cause:

Mid-ureteric cystic dilatation (ureteric ectasia) compressing the colon

The colon was normal.
The ureter was the problem.

Surgical excision + ureteric anastomosis led to resolution.

Takeaway:
Rare urological anomalies can mimic gastrointestinal obstruction in infants, making early diagnosis critical.

💬 Pediatric surgeons & clinicians:
What rare causes of bowel obstruction in infants have you encountered?

Read more: https://www.cureus.com/articles/397696-changes-in-shoulder-arthroscopy-trends-in-the-different-health-areas-of-the-aragon-region-of-spain?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=articlepromotion #!/

Two patients developed new-onset, treatment-resistant seizures after Lyme-associated illness.What stood out:Seizures wor...
04/03/2026

Two patients developed new-onset, treatment-resistant seizures after Lyme-associated illness.

What stood out:
Seizures worsened after starting antibiotics
Immune abnormalities (IgG deficiency + complement changes)
Neural autoantibodies detected

Treatment with steroids + IVIG → marked improvement.

Takeaway: Infections may trigger immune-mediated seizures in select patients.
Neurology clinicians: When do you consider immunotherapy in new-onset refractory seizures?

Read more here: https://hubs.la/Q048hw080

Untangling the Link Between Mental Health and Blood Pressure in Young AdultsAnxiety and depression do not just affect me...
04/02/2026

Untangling the Link Between Mental Health and Blood Pressure in Young Adults
Anxiety and depression do not just affect mental well-being. This systematic review examines their bidirectional relationship with hypertension among young adults in the United States, showing how mental health challenges can influence blood pressure and how hypertension may, in turn, impact psychological health. The findings highlight important implications for cardiovascular risk management and early intervention.

Read more:
https://hubs.la/Q049wZ7B0

Meta-analysis (834 PICU patients):Early enteral nutrition (≤72 hrs)↓ mortality (RR = 0.20)↓ ICU stay (~4 days)↓ hospital...
04/02/2026

Meta-analysis (834 PICU patients):

Early enteral nutrition (≤72 hrs)
↓ mortality (RR = 0.20)
↓ ICU stay (~4 days)
↓ hospital stay (~5 days)
↑ functional outcomes

Takeaway: Timing of nutrition may be as critical as the intervention itself.
ICU clinicians: Do you routinely initiate enteral feeding within 72 hours in pediatric trauma?

Read more here: https://hubs.la/Q048gPZw0

A 76-year-old patient presented in shock, initially treated as variceal hemorrhage.Endoscopy → hemostasis achieved. But ...
04/01/2026

A 76-year-old patient presented in shock, initially treated as variceal hemorrhage.
Endoscopy → hemostasis achieved. But no clear source.

Then:
Ultrasound → pleural effusion
CT → hydropneumothorax + mediastinal air

Diagnosis: Esophageal perforation (Boerhaave syndrome)
Takeaway: When endoscopy doesn’t explain the picture, think beyond the GI lumen.
Clinicians: When do you escalate to CT in unexplained upper GI bleeding?

Read more here: https://hubs.la/Q048g5FT0

Should your access to surgery depend on where you live?Over 17,000 shoulder arthroscopies analyzed:Procedures increased ...
03/31/2026

Should your access to surgery depend on where you live?

Over 17,000 shoulder arthroscopies analyzed:
Procedures increased 360× over time
But access varied widely between regions
Differences seen between public vs private hospitals
Higher readmission rates in private-funded surgeries

Takeaway: Surgical access and outcomes aren’t uniform, even within the same healthcare system.
Clinicians: What drives these disparities more, system structure or patient selection?

Read more here: https://hubs.la/Q048fnkg0

03/31/2026

Some of the most dangerous stroke risks don’t present with symptoms — they’re found incidentally.

In this case, a 44-year-old patient with a strong family history of stroke underwent routine vascular imaging that revealed a carotid web — a rare, non-atherosclerotic abnormality of the internal carotid artery.

While it may not cause significant stenosis, it can disrupt local blood flow, creating conditions for thrombus formation and potential embolic stroke.

The challenge?
There are no clear guidelines for managing asymptomatic patients.

This case highlights the importance of:
• Recognizing subtle imaging findings
• Understanding non-traditional stroke mechanisms
• Individualizing prevention strategies based on risk profile

Early detection may be the only opportunity to intervene before a life-altering event occurs.

Read this case and more on The Cureus Journal Of Medical Science.

Share Your Innovations in Minimally Invasive NeurosurgeryAre you advancing endoscopic or minimally invasive neurosurgica...
03/31/2026

Share Your Innovations in Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery
Are you advancing endoscopic or minimally invasive neurosurgical techniques? Submit your case reports, original research, or reviews to Cureus’ Guest-Edited Collection on Advances in Minimally Invasive and Endoscopic Neurosurgery. This open-access, peer-reviewed platform ensures global visibility and impact.

Submit your work here:
https://hubs.la/Q0493Jv50

Meta-analysis (7 RCTs, 478 patients):PRP improved pain at 6 monthsWOMAC ↓ (p = 0.03)VAS ↓ (p < 0.01)No significant diffe...
03/30/2026

Meta-analysis (7 RCTs, 478 patients):
PRP improved pain at 6 months
WOMAC ↓ (p = 0.03)
VAS ↓ (p < 0.01)

No significant difference at:
early follow-up (1–2 months)
long-term (12 months)
functional outcomes (HHS)

Takeaway: PRP may offer mid-term pain relief, but long-term superiority over HA remains unclear.
Clinicians: What do you prefer in practice, PRP or HA for hip OA?

Read more here: https://hubs.la/Q048f7bQ0

This case:APOE4 homozygous patientmild cognitive impairment~100 cerebral microhemorrhagesprobable cerebral amyloid angio...
03/29/2026

This case:
APOE4 homozygous patient
mild cognitive impairment
~100 cerebral microhemorrhages
probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)

CAA increases risk of:
intracerebral hemorrhage
ARIA with amyloid-targeting therapies

Takeaway: The patients who may benefit most from Alzheimer’s therapies may also carry the highest risk.
Neurology community: Where do you draw the line for amyloid therapy in high-risk CAA patients?

Read more here: https://hubs.la/Q048f6x50

Unlock Fast, Open Medical Publishing with CureusShare your medical research quickly and without paywalls. Cureus provide...
03/29/2026

Unlock Fast, Open Medical Publishing with Cureus
Share your medical research quickly and without paywalls. Cureus provides a streamlined, peer-reviewed, open-access platform that makes your findings accessible worldwide. Join a global community advancing healthcare knowledge—without the usual delays.

Explore Cureus:
https://hubs.la/Q048x1L80

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