03/15/2023
CAN I PREVENT AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION?
Age-related macular degeneration, or AMD, is a prevalent cause of vision loss in older adults. It affects the macula, the area responsible for central vision. As we age, the risk of developing AMD increases, making it essential for older adults to take steps to prevent it. In the past few years, doctors have understood the various risk factors for AMD and the strategies for preventing or slowing its progression.
You can do several things to maintain good vision as you age, including healthy eating, exercising, and undergoing regular eye exams. Whether you are just beginning to be concerned about your vision or have already been diagnosed with AMD, you can maintain your sight for years to come.
What Is AMD?
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative condition of the retina. AMD affects the macula, a small area in the center of the retina that is crucial for fine, detailed vision. As the condition progresses, the macula deteriorates and loses its ability to function properly, causing a gradual loss of central vision. This can make reading, driving, recognizing faces, or performing other tasks that require good vision challenging.
Types Of AMD-
There are two types of AMD: dry and wet. The dry form is the most common of the two and is characterized by a slow loss of central vision due to the thinning and deterioration of the macula. On the other hand, wet AMD occurs when abnormal blood vessels develop behind the retina. These leak fluid and blood, causing rapid and severe vision loss.
What Causes AMD?
The exact cause of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is not fully understood. However, researchers believe a combination of genetic and environmental factors causes it. Some of the known risk factors for AMD include:
Age
Genetics
Smoking
Sunlight exposure
Diet
Cardiovascular disease
Obesity
How To Prevent AMD:
Quit Smoking-
Quitting smoking is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of developing AMD. Smoking is a major risk factor for AMD, and smokers are at least two to three times more likely to develop the condition.
The harmful chemicals in to***co smoke can harm the blood vessels in the eye. These lead to abnormal blood vessels in the retina, a hallmark of wet AMD. Smoking also increases the risk of developing dry AMD by contributing to drusen formation. These are small yellow deposits in the macula that can cause vision loss.
Eat A Healthy Diet-
Eating a nutritious diet rich in certain nutrients helps reduce the risk of developing AMD.
Vitamin C: Vitamin C can help protect the retina from damage caused by sunlight
Vitamin E: Vitamin E may help slow AMD's progression
Lutein and zeaxanthin: These carotenoids are found in foods such as spinach, kale, and eggs and can help protect the macula from damage
Omega-3 fatty acids
Zinc: Zinc also helps protect the retina
Wear Sunglasses-
Wearing sunglasses is one strategy that can help prevent AMD. Sunlight contains ultraviolet (UV) rays, which can damage the retina over time. Long-term exposure to UV rays can increase the risk of developing AMD. Sunglasses that block UV rays can help protect the retina from damage. Look for sunglasses blocking 99% or 100% UVA and UVB rays.
For more on whether you can prevent age-related macular degeneration, visit Five Forks Vision at our office in Simpsonville, South Carolina. Call (864) 520-2480 to book an appointment today.