02/28/2023
Endometriosis is a chronic condition that affects about 1 in 10 women of reproductive age. It occurs when areas of endometrial tissue, also known as implants, are found outside the uterus, typically inside the pelvis and abdominal cavity. The implants can grow on the outermost surface of organs or can grow deeper into the walls of some organs like the bladder or intestines.
The most common areas where endometriosis implants occur include the peritoneum, ovaries, fallopian tubes, outer surfaces of the uterus, bladder, ureters, intestines, and re**um. The cul-de-sac, which is the space behind the uterus, is also a common area for implants. When the endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus, it can cause a range of symptoms, including menstrual pain, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility.
While there is no cure for endometriosis, there are various treatment options available to manage the symptoms. These options include pain management, hormone therapy, and surgery. Hormone therapy options include birth control pills, progestin-only pills, and intrauterine devices (IUDs). Surgery can also be an effective option for women with severe endometriosis. The goal of surgery is to remove as much endometrial tissue as possible and alleviate pain and other symptoms.
In 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a new medication to treat pain associated with endometriosis, called a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist. This medication works by blocking the production of estrogen, which can help reduce the growth and spread of endometrial tissue. However, experts at the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) are currently evaluating how and for whom this treatment might be appropriate.
It is important for women who suspect they may have endometriosis to speak with their healthcare provider to receive an accurate diagnosis and discuss their treatment options. With proper management and support, women with endometriosis can live full and productive lives.
