09/01/2025
Can Diabetes Increase the Risk of Dementia?
Yes, both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes can increase the risk of dementia, but the details differ.
For people with Type 1 diabetes, studies show a slightly higher risk of dementia, particularly vascular dementia, which is caused by damage to blood vessels in the brain. The link between Type 1 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease (the most common dementia type) is less clear.
For those with Type 2 diabetes, the risk of dementia is higher overall, especially for vascular dementia. Recent research shows that while the connection between Type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease is less pronounced, it is still significant, with studies reporting a 56% increased risk of Alzheimer’s among individuals with Type 2 diabetes. Earlier onset of diabetes may also raise the risk further.
Why does this happen? Diabetes can damage blood vessels and increase inflammation, which affects the brain over time. Factors like poor blood sugar control or having diabetes in mid-life can raise the risk.
The good news? Managing blood sugar, staying active, eating well, and addressing other health risks can help protect your brain.
Source: Cheng et al. (2012). Relationship between diabetes and dementia: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.