24/09/2025
fans I see many women with Polycystic O***y Syndrome (PCOS) is common. It has real and lasting effects. Here is some facts and what you can do about it:
• Globally, PCOS affects an estimated 6–13% of women of reproductive age. Up to 70% go undiagnosed.
• In South Africa, as many as 8 million women may live with PCOS.
• Local sources suggest PCOS may affect 15–20% of women in their childbearing years.
Effects on women
PCOS is not just about irregular periods. It affects metabolic, reproductive, emotional, and long-term health.
Reproductive & hormonal effects:
Irregular, infrequent, or absent menstruation
Difficulty ovulating → fertility challenges
Elevated male-hormone levels → acne, excess facial/body hair, hair thinning
Cysts on ovaries (not always present)
Metabolic & long-term risks:
Insulin resistance, risk of Type 2 diabetes
Obesity or weight gain (often central/abdominal)
Dyslipidaemia (unfavourable cholesterol levels)
High blood pressure, cardiovascular risk
Increased risk of endometrial thickening and cancer (due to irregular shedding)
Sleep apnea
Emotional & quality of life burden:
Stress, anxiety, depression
Body image distress (due to weight, acne, hirsutism)
Social stigma, silence around diagnosis
What women can do (or demand)
No magic cure, but progress is possible with knowledge, support, and action.
1. Awareness & self-monitoring
Track your cycle for 3–6 months (dates, flow, symptoms)
Note symptoms: acne flares, hair growth, weight shifts, mood changes
Ask for testing if you have multiple red flags
2. Medical investigations
Hormone profile
Glucose tolerance / insulin tests
Lipid profile
Pelvic ultrasound
Exclude other causes
3. Lifestyle strategies
Balanced diet
Regular physical activity
Weight loss even of 5–10% helps insulin sensitivity
Sleep hygiene, stress management
4. Medical treatments & support
Hormonal contraceptives to regulate cycles
Metformin or insulin sensitizers
Anti-androgens for hair, acne
Fertility support (ovulation induction, IVF)
Dermatology support for skin issues
Psychological support or counselling
5. Advocating in our context
Demand access to testing and fertility services
Educate clinicians about PCOS variability in African populations
Use support groups and peer networks
