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Monday 08:00 - 21:00 Tuesday 08:00 - 21:00 Wednesday 08:00 - 21:00 Thursday 08:00 - 21:00 Friday 08:00 - 17:00 Saturday 00:00 - 21:00 Sunday 08:00 - 21:00

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Nurses Zone Documentary, Ndola (2026)

15/04/2026

Are you overwhelmed by your busy schedule and need help with your Lesson Plans? Look no further! We've got you covered.

15/04/2026

ENDOCARDITIS

By Chipo James Mainda

Endocarditis is inflammation of the heart’s inner lining, called the endocardium. It’s usually caused by bacteria. When the inflammation is caused by infection, the condition is called infective endocarditis. Endocarditis is uncommon in people with healthy hearts.

The main cause of endocarditis is an overgrowth of bacteria. Although these bacteria normally live on the inside or outside surfaces of the body, one might bring them inside the bloodstream by eating or drinking. Bacteria could also enter through cuts in the skin or oral cavity. The immune system normally fights off pathogens before they cause a problem, but this process fails in some people.

In the case of infective endocarditis, the pathogens travel through the bloodstream and into the heart, where they multiply and cause inflammation. Endocarditis can also be caused by fungi or other pathogens.

Eating and drinking aren’t the only ways that pathogens can enter the body. They can also get into the bloodstream through:
* Brushing the teeth
* Having poor oral hygiene or gum disease
* Having a dental procedure that cuts the gums
* Contracting a s*xually transmitted disease
using a contaminated needle
* Through an indwelling urinary catheter or intravenous catheter

The symptoms of endocarditis aren’t always severe, and they may develop slowly over time. In the early stages of endocarditis, the symptoms are similar to many other illnesses. This is why many cases go undiagnosed.
Many of the symptoms are similar to cases of the flu or other infections, such as pneumonia. However, some people experience severe symptoms that appear suddenly.

These symptoms may be due to inflammation or the associated damage it causes. Common symptoms of endocarditis include:
* Heart murmur, which is an abnormal heart sound of turbulent blood flow through the heart
* Pale skin
* Fever or chills
* Night sweats
* Muscle or joint pain
* Nausea or decreased appetite
* A full feeling in the upper left part of the abdomen
* Unintentional weight loss
* Swollen feet, legs, or abdomen
* Cough or shortness of breath

Complications may develop from damage caused by the infection. These can include an abnormal heart rhythm, such as atrial fibrillation, blood clots, other organ injury, and hyperbilirubinemia with jaundice. Infected blood can also cause emboli, or clots, to travel to other parts of the body.

For more join our daily online lessons on WhatsApp 0977353901.

14/04/2026

We also offer individual online lessons (one-on-one lesson).

14/04/2026

We offer online lessons in the following programs:
👉BScN
👉Critical Care Nursing
👉RN Diploma

14/04/2026

SLEEPWALKING

By Chipo James Mainda

Sleepwalking also called somnambulism, is a sleeping disturbance that occurs in the deepest part of the nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. In other words, sleepwalking involves getting up and walking around while in a state of sleep. It most often occurs within 1-2 hours of falling asleep.
During an episode of sleepwalking, you may sit up, walk around, and even perform ordinary activities, all while sleeping. Your eyes are open, but you’re actually still in a deep state of sleep.

More common in children than adults, sleepwalking is often outgrown by the teen years. But not everyone stops sleepwalking once they’re adults. Although rare, some people may only start sleepwalking in their adult years.
Sleep researchers have identified several health conditions, activities, and substances that are known to trigger sleepwalking episodes.
It’s also possible that you inherited your tendency to sleepwalk. Sleepwalking sometimes runs in families.

Causes of sleepwalking include:
* Hereditary (the condition may run in families)
* Lack of sleep or extreme fatigue
* Interrupted sleep or unproductive sleep, from disorders like sleep apnea (brief pauses in the child's breathing pattern during sleep)
* Illness or fever
* Certain medications, such as sleeping pills
* Stress, anxiety
* Going to bed with full bladder
* Noises or touches
* Changes in sleep environment or different sleep setting (example: a hotel)
* Migraines
* Head injuries

People who are sleepwalking usually do not respond when you try to get their attention. They may have a glazed or distant look in their eyes. According to sleep experts, sleepwalkers can also engage in other activities while they’re in their sleepwalking state, including: eating, talking, preparing food, urinating in places that aren’t toilets, trying to leave the house, having s*x etc.
Most of the time, people do not remember an episode of sleepwalking when they wake up. If you wake someone up while they’re sleepwalking, they may be confused about what’s going on.

Treatment for sleepwalking depends on the patient’s age, how frequently it occurs, and how dangerous or disruptive the episodes are. In many cases, sleepwalking requires no active treatment because episodes are rare and pose little risk to the sleeper or those around them. Episodes often get less frequent with age, so for some people, sleepwalking is resolved on its own with any specific therapy.

13/04/2026

The Hidden Danger of Self-Medicating with PANADOL (Paracetamol)

Sometimes, we think over-the-counter medicines are harmless because they are so easily available. But even everyday drugs like paracetamol can become dangerous if misused. Here’s a real-life example to consider:

A 25-year-old woman started experiencing persistent headaches. Instead of consulting a healthcare professional, she took matters into her own hands. Over three days, she took paracetamol in excessive doses—up to 10 tablets per day—exceeding the safe limit of 4g (8 tablets).

At first, she thought she was managing the pain. But soon, she developed nausea, vomiting, and yellowing of her skin and eyes—a clear sign of liver damage. She rushed to the hospital, but the damage was already severe. Despite emergency treatment, she tragically passed away from liver failure caused by paracetamol toxicity.

✅️What Went Wrong?

Let’s break it down:

1. The body processes paracetamol through the liver. While the liver can handle normal doses, overdosing creates toxic byproducts that overwhelm and damage it.

2. Key Fact: The safe daily limit for adults is 4g (about 8 tablets of 500mg)under supervisionand 6 tablets without supervisio. Even slightly exceeding this over a few days can be life-threatening.

3. Takeaway: Painkillers should only be taken as prescribed, and persistent symptoms need professional medical attention—not self-medication.

✅️What Can We Learn?

👉Stick to the dose: Just because a drug is available over-the-counter doesn’t mean it’s risk-free.

👉Read labels carefully: Know the active ingredients and maximum recommended dose.

👉Seek medical advice: If symptoms persist, consult a healthcare professional instead of increasing your dosage.

Your health is your responsibility, but it’s also worth protecting. Don’t let a simple mistake lead to irreversible harm. Always prioritize safety over convenience!

Your Caring Pharmacist
PhaPharmacist Who Cares

12/04/2026

KELOIDS

By Chipo James Mainda

When skin is injured, fibrous tissue called scar tissue forms over the wound to repair and protect the injury. In some cases, extra scar tissue grows, forming smooth, hard growths called keloids.
Keloids can be much larger than the original wound. They’re most commonly found on the chest, shoulders, earlobes, and cheeks. However, keloids can affect any part of the body.
Although keloids aren’t harmful to your health, they may create cosmetic concerns.

Most types of skin injury can contribute to keloid scarring. These include:
* Acne scars
* Burns
* Chickenpox scars
* Ear piercing
* Scratches
* Surgical incision sites
* Vaccination sites

An estimated 10% of people experience keloid scarring. Men and women are equally likely to have keloid scars. People with darker skin tones are more prone to keloids. Keloids tend to have a genetic component, which means you’re more likely to have keloids if one or both of your parents have them.
According to one study, a gene known as the AHNAK gene may play a role in determining who develops keloids and who doesn’t. Researchers found that people who have the AHNAK gene may be more likely to develop keloid scars than those who don’t.
If you have known risk factors for developing keloids, you may want to avoid getting body piercings, unnecessary surgeries, and tattoos.

Keloids come from the overgrowth of scar tissue. Keloid scars tend to be larger than the original wound itself. They may take weeks or months to develop fully.
The symptoms of a keloid can include:
* A localized area that is flesh-colored, pink, or red
* A lumpy or ridged area of skin that’s usually raised
* An area that continues to grow larger with scar tissue over time
* An itchy patch of skin

While keloid scars may be itchy, they’re usually not harmful to your health. You may experience discomfort, tenderness, or possible irritation from your clothing or other forms of friction.
Keloid scarring can form on large areas of your body, but this is generally rare. When it happens, the hardened, tight scar tissue may restrict movement.
Keloids are often more of a cosmetic concern than a health one. You may feel self-conscious if the keloid is very large or in a highly visible location, such as on an earlobe or the face.

For more join our daily online lessons on WhatsApp 0977353901.

11/04/2026

SCOLIOSIS

By Chipo James Mainda

Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine. The normal shape of a person’s spine includes a curve at the top of the shoulder and a curve at the lower back. If your spine is curved from side to side or in an “S” or “C” shape, you might have scoliosis.
The condition is often diagnosed during the first 7 years of a child’s life. The cause of scoliosis often can’t be determined.

Common causes, when they can be pinpointed, are:
* Birth defects
* Neurological abnormalities
* Genetic conditions
* Spinal injuries or infections
People with a family history of scoliosis are more likely to develop the condition. People with a va**na are more likely to have a more severe form of scoliosis than those with a p***s.

Symptoms vary depending on the degree of scoliosis. Common symptoms associated with scoliosis include:
* One shoulder blade that’s higher than the other
* One shoulder blade that sticks out more than the other
* Uneven hips
* A rotating spine
* Problems breathing because of reduced area in the chest for lungs to expand
* Back pain

Treatment depends on numerous factors, the degree of spine curvature being a major one. Your doctor will also take into consideration:
* Your age
" Whether you’re likely to continue growing
* The amount and type of curvature
* The type of the scoliosis
The primary treatment options are bracing and surgery.

✓ Bracing

A person with scoliosis may need to use a brace if they’re still growing and the curvature is more than 25-40°
Braces won’t straighten the spine, but they can prevent the curvature from increasing. This method of treatment is more effective for cases that are detected early.

Those requiring a brace need to wear it 16-23 hours a day until they stop growing. A brace’s effectiveness increases with the number of hours they wear it per day.

✓ Surgery

Surgery is usually reserved for people with curves greater than 40°. Spinal fusion is the standard scoliosis surgery. In this procedure, the doctor fuses the vertebrae together using a bone graft, rods, and screws. The bone graft consists of bone or a material like it. The rods keep the spine in a straight position, and the screws hold them in place. Eventually, the bone graft and vertebrae fuse into a single bone. Rods can be adjusted in children as they grow.

Some of the risks of spinal fusion surgery include:
* Excessive bleeding
* Failure to heal
* Infection
* Pain
* Nerve damage

For more join our daily online lessons on WhatsApp 0977353901.

10/04/2026

NMCZ candidates are you there?

10/04/2026

ASCITES

By Chipo James Mainda

Ascites is when too much fluid builds up in the abdomen. This condition often happens in people who have cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver.
A sheet of tissue called the peritoneum covers the abdominal organs, including the stomach, bowels, liver and kidneys. The peritoneum has two layers. Ascites happens when fluid builds up between the two layers. Ascites is the most common complication of cirrhosis (scarring of the liver).

Liver damage, or cirrhosis, accounts for around 80% of ascites cases. In fact, it is the single biggest risk factor for ascites. Therefore, having a condition that causes cirrhosis puts you at greater risk for developing ascites. These conditions include:
* Non-alcohol associated fatty liver disease
* Hepatitis B
* Hepatitis C
* Alcohol use disorder
* Autoimmune hepatitis
* Genetic liver diseases like hemochromatosis, Wilson disease and alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
Other conditions that can lead to ascites include:
* Congestive heart failure
* Kidney failure
* Cancers of the organs in the abdomen and pelvis
* Peritoneal infections

People with ascites may have the following symptoms:
* Painless swelling in the abdomen that worsens rather than going away
* Abdominal discomfort
* Weight gain
* Feeling full after eating a little
* Shortness of breath as pressure increases in the abdomen, pushing up on the diaphragm and reducing the space for the lungs to expand
* Fever

Treatment for ascites will depend on what’s causing the condition.
If you have a bacterial or viral infection, the doctor will treat the underlying cause and will prescribe other therapy to relieve symptoms such as:
* Diuretics. These drugs are commonly used to treat ascites and are effective for most people with the condition. These drugs increase the amount of salt and water leaving the body, which reduces pressure within the veins around the liver.
* Paracentesis. In this procedure, a doctor uses a long, thin needle to remove the excess fluid from the abdomen. They insert the needle through the skin and into the abdominal cavity.
* Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS): This procedure is performed to treat fluid build-up in the abdomen. A wire mesh (stent) is inserted into a vein in the liver. When inflated, the stent forms a channel (shunt) to bypass the liver.
* Liver transplant. In cases of severe cirrhosis, when the liver is failing, a liver transplant may be necessary.

For more join our daily online lessons on WhatsApp 0977353901.

10/04/2026

Infant reflexes

Nurses Zone Documentary

15/04/2026

15/04/2026

14/04/2026

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Monday	08:00 - 21:00
Tuesday	08:00 - 21:00
Wednesday	08:00 - 21:00
Thursday	08:00 - 21:00
Friday	08:00 - 17:00
Saturday	00:00 - 21:00
Sunday	08:00 - 21:00